All Submitted Names

gender
usage
Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed.
Isane f Japanese
"courage"; "sound"
Isanfrid m Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and Old High German fridu "peace."
Isang m Korean, German (Rare)
Isang is a traditional Korean name arbitrarily formed of two syllables. The hanja used are 伊 (i) "he, she, it" and 桑 (sang) "mulberry tree".... [more]
Isang f Filipino
Diminutive of Isabel or Isabela. This can also be a diminutive of any other name ending in -isa.
Isangar m Germanic
The first element of this Germanic name is derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron." The second element is derived from Gothic gairu (gêr in Old High German) "spear", or from garva (garo in Old High German, and gearu in Anglo-Saxon) "ready, prepared."
Isangard f Germanic
The first element of this name is derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron." The second element is derived from gardan "to hedge in, to enclose, to fence in" or from Gothic gards "house, garden, (court)yard."
Isangarda f Occitan
Occitan form of Isangard.
Isangild f Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and Gothic gild "sacrifice."
Isangrim m Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and Old Norse grîma "mask."
Isanhar m Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and Old High German hari "army."
Isanhard m Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and Gothic hardus (hart in Old High German) "brave, hardy."
Isanman m Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and man "man."
Isanmar m Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and Old High German mâri "famous."
Isannah f English (American, Rare), Literature
Of uncertain origin and meaning, although theories include a combination of Isabella and Susannah. This name was first recorded in the Boston area in the early 1700s and famously borne by one of Paul Revere's daughters who died in infancy... [more]
Isannay f Irish (Anglicized, Rare, Archaic)
Obscure and obsolete Irish variant of Ismay.... [more]
Isanric m Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and rîcja "powerful, strong, mighty." The second element is also closely related to Celtic rîg or rix and Gothic reiks, which all mean "king, ruler."
Isantrud f Germanic
Derived from isan, which comes from îsarn "iron", and þruþ "strength."
Isao m Japanese
Means "honor; merit".
Isaq m Ossetian
Ossetian form of Isaac.
Ísar m Icelandic
Icelandic form of Ísarr.
Isara m & f Thai
Alternate transcription of Thai อิสระ (see Itsara).
Isarchos m Ancient Greek
Derived from Greek ἴσος (isos) meaning "equal" and ἄρχω (archo) meaning "to begin" or "to lead, rule, govern".
Isard m Germanic
Variant of Ishard.
Isarn m Medieval French, Frankish
From Old Saxon, Old High German isarn meaning "iron".
Isaroĸ m Greenlandic
Means "wing bone (of a bird)" in Greenlandic.
Isaroq m Greenlandic
Younger form of Isaroĸ.
Ísarr m Old Norse, Icelandic (Rare)
Combination of Old Norse íss "ice" and herr "army".
Isarraitaitsoq f Inuit Mythology
Etymology unknown. This is the name of the minor wife of the Netsilik Inuit scorpionfish god Kanajuk.
Isaskar m Finnish (Rare)
Finnish form of Issachar.
Isata m Japanese
From Japanese 勇 (isa) meaning "brave" combined with 太 (ta) meaning "thick, big". Other kanji combinations are possible.
Isato m Japanese
From Japanese 勇 (isa) meaning "brave" combined with 人 (to) meaning "person". Other kanji combinations are possible.
Isatou f Western African
Probably derived from Aisha, compare the West African name form Aïssatou.
Isatta f Cornish (Archaic)
Latinized variant of Isatt.
Isauda f Provençal
Provençal form of Isolde.
Isav m Russian, Ukrainian
Russian and Ukrainian form of 'Esaw (see Esau).
Isave f Vietnamese
Vietnamese form of Isabel.
Isavell f Medieval Irish
Medieval Anglicisation of Isibéal.
Isawil f Quechua
Quechua form of Isabel.
Isay f Filipino, Tagalog
Diminutive of Isabel, Luisa, Melissa and other names that start with or contain isa.
Isaya m Swahili
Swahili form of Isaiah.
Isaya m Japanese
From Japanese 勇 (isa) meaning "courage" combined with 也 (ya) meaning "also". This name can be formed with other kanji combinations as well.
Isayya m Russian
Russian spelling of Isaiah, reflecting the English pronunciation.
Isayyas m Amharic
Amharic form of Isaiah.
Isaz m Asturian
Asturian form of Isaac.
Isazo m & f Tumbuka
Variant of Izaso.
Isbal f Manx, Scots
Manx variant of Ysbal and Scots adaptation of Iseabal.
Isbəndiyar m Azerbaijani (Rare)
Variant of İsfəndiyar, which is the main Azerbaijani form of Isfandiyar (see Esfandiar).
Isbell f Scots (Archaic), Medieval Scottish, American (Rare)
Variant of Isbel, which in the case of the Scots name is an approach at a phonetic spelling of Gaelic Iseabail.
Isbert m Germanic, German
The first element is derived from îs "ice", but it might also be a short form of isan (see Isanbert). The second element is derived from Old High German beraht "bright."
Isbet m East Frisian (Archaic)
Containing name elements isarn and beraht.
Ísbjörn m Icelandic (Modern, Rare)
Means "polar bear" in Icelandic (literally "ice bear", derived from Old Nora íss meaning "ice on sea" or "ice on water" and bjǫrn meaning "bear").
Ísbjört f Icelandic (Modern, Rare)
Icelandic name meaning "bright ice", derived from Old Norse íss meaning "ice" and bjǫrt meaning "bright, shining" (from bjartr).
Isbul m Medieval Bulgarian, Medieval Slavic
Isbul (fl. 820s–830s) was the kavhan, or first minister, of the First Bulgarian Empire during the reigns of Omurtag, Malamir and Presian I.
Ischa m & f Dutch
Possibly derived from Isaac. A famous Dutch bearer was Ischa Meijer, a Jewish journalist, author, actor and television presenter. In his case, Ischa was short for Israel.
Ischirione m Italian
Italian form of Ischyrion.
Ischyrion m Ancient Greek, Polish (Rare)
Derived from Greek ισχυρός (ischyros) meaning "mighty, powerful, strong". Saint Ischyrion of Alexandria was a martyr in Egypt who was impaled on a sharp pole. Ischyrion had the rank of Commander in Arrian Army... [more]
Isco m Spanish
Shortening of Francisco. A famous bearer is Spanish footballer Isco who is born as Francisco Román Alarcón Suárez.
Ísdís f Icelandic (Rare)
Combination of the Old Norse name elements íss "ice" (compare Icelandic ís) and dís "goddess; woman, lady; sister" or dis "wise woman, seeress; woman, virgin".
Ise m Frisian (Rare)
This name is used as a short form of Germanic names (like Isbert/Ijsbert and Isbrand/IJsbrand) that begin with the element îs meaning "ice."
Ise f Dutch
This name is used as a variant of Isabelle, alongside Isa 2.
Ise f & m Dutch
Iseabal f Irish (Rare), Scottish Gaelic (Rare)
Irish variant of Isibéal and Scottish variant of Iseabail.
Isée m & f French (Rare), Dutch (Modern, Rare)
French form of Isaios via Isaeus.... [more]
Iseĸ f Greenlandic
Means "steam, smoke" in Greenlandic.
Iseke m East Frisian (Archaic)
Variant of names with the name element isarn.
Isel f & m Nahuatl
Means "alone, unique, only", from Nahuatl icel.
Isela f Spanish (Latin American), American (Hispanic)
Elaborated form of Isel as well as a truncated form of Marisela and Gisela... [more]
Iselda f Italian
Italian variant of Isolda.
Íseldur m Icelandic (Modern, Rare)
Derived from Old Norse íss meaning "ice" and eldr meaning "fire".
Iseli f Spanish (Latin American, Rare), Portuguese (Brazilian, Rare)
Probably a contraction of Isabeli or otherwise a variant of Isabela. Also see Isela, Isel.
Iselilja f Norwegian (Modern, Rare)
Popularly claimed to mean "ice lily" from Norwegian is "ice" and lilja "lily". This name occurs in the medieval ballad 'Knut liten og Sylvelin'.
Iselin f Norwegian
Norwegian adoption of an originally German short form of Old High German names containing the element isarn meaning "iron" (e.g., Isengard, Iselinde, Isburg), as well as an adoption of an obsolete German diminutive of Isa 2 and a Norwegian adoption and adaption of the Irish name Aisling (compare Isleen).
Iselina f Norwegian (Rare)
Latinate form of Iselin.
Isella f Italian (Rare), Spanish (Latin American), American (Hispanic)
Italian diminutive of Isa 2 as well as a Latin American variant of Isela.
Iselota f Medieval English
Most likely a diminutive of Isolda (compare Iseldis).
Isemay f Medieval English
Perhaps from a hypothetic Germanic name like *Ismegi or *Ismagi, *Ismagin, which would mean "iron strength" from isan, itself from îsarn "iron" (see Isanbrand; however, the first element could also be îs "ice") combined with magan "strength, might"... [more]
Isembart m Medieval French, Literature
Old French form of Isanbert. This appears in the medieval epic poem Gormond et Isembart belonging to a nephew of the French king who joins the Saracen king Gormond and renounces Christianity.
Isemiel m Biblical Greek
Greek form of Ishi, which in the Septuagint only appears in verse 2:31 of 1 Chronicles. Other verses in the Septuagint use the forms Iesi, Isei and Sei instead.
Isenbern m Germanic, Medieval English
Derived from the Old German elements isarn "iron" and bern "bear".
Isengard f Medieval German, German (Rare)
The name Isengard is formed from the Germanic name elements isarn "iron" and gard "enclosure".
Isengrim m Literature, Folklore, Germanic
A variant form of Isangrim. This is the name of a wolf found in many medieval stories, most notably in the French folktale of Reynard the Fox. The author J. R. R. Tolkien used it as a hobbit name in 'The Lord of the Rings' (1954).
Isenhard m Germanic, Medieval German
Variant of Isanhard; also see Isnard. This name was borne by a 7th-century Bavarian saint, Isenhardus.
Iseo m Italian, Spanish
Italian and Spanish form of Isaios via Isaeus.
Iseo m East Frisian
Variation of Ise recorded in the 19th century in East Frisia.
Iseppa f Venetian
Feminine form of Iseppo and Venetian variant of Giuseppa.
Iseppo m Venetian
Venetian form of Giuseppe.
Iseq f Greenlandic
Greenlandic feminine name taken from the word iseq meaning "steam, smoke".
Iseriel m Biblical Greek
Greek form of Jesharelah, as it first appeared in the Septuagint.
Isetemkheb f Ancient Egyptian
From Egyptian ꜣst-m-ꜣḫ-bjt meaning "Isis is in Chemmis", derived from the name of the goddess Isis combined with m "in" and ꜣḫ-bjt "Akhbit", the name of the mythological location where Isis gave birth to Horus, which the Greeks called Chemmis.
Isetnofret f Ancient Egyptian
From Egyptian ꜣst-nfrt meaning "Isis is beautiful", derived from the name of the goddess Isis combined with nfrt "beautiful, good, perfect"... [more]
Isett f Cornish (Archaic)
Variant of Isott. In Cornwall this name survived well into the 1700s.
Isetta f Italian
Diminutive of Isa 2.
Isèu f Gascon
Gascon form of Isolde.
Iseu m Catalan (?), Portuguese (Brazilian, Rare)
Catalan and Portuguese form of Isaios via Isaeus.
Iseude f Picard
Variant of Iseute.
Iseul-i f Korean (Modern, Rare)
From Iseul combined with the subject marking particle 이 (i).
Iseute f Picard
Picard form of Isolde.
Ísey f Icelandic (Modern)
Combination of the Old Norse name elements íss "ice" (compare Icelandic ís) and ey "island; flat land along a coast" (which is also often related to the Old Norse name element auja "(gift of) luck; fortune").
Isey m Russian, Ukrainian
Russian and Ukrainian form of Isaios.
İsfəndiyar m Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Isfandiyar (see Esfandiar). A notable bearer of this name was the singer and poet İsfəndiyar Bərxu (1929-1991).
Isfandiyor m Tajik, Uzbek
Tajik and Uzbek form of Isfandiyar (see Esfandiar).
Isfendiyar m Turkish
Turkish form of Isfandiyar (see Esfandiar). A notable bearer of this name was the Turkish soccer player and coach İsfendiyar Açıksöz (1929-2006).
Isfrid m Germanic
The first element is derived from îs "ice", but it might also be a short form of isan (see Isanfrid). The second element is derived from Old High German fridu "peace."
Isfrido m Italian, Spanish
Italian and Spanish form of Isfrid.
Isfried m German (Rare)
German form of Isfrid.
Isgaden m Berber
Meaning unknown.
İsgəndər m Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Alexander.
Isgandar m Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Alexander.
Isgrim m Germanic
The first element is derived from îs "ice", but it might also be a short form of isan (see Isangrim). The second element is derived from Old Norse grîma "mask."
Ish m & f English
Diminutive of Ishmael and Felisha.
Isha f English
Short form of names with the ending -isha. such as Alisha or Felisha.
Ishaag m Dhivehi
Dhivehi form of Ishaq.
Ishaan m Sanskrit, Hinduism
In Hindu tradition, Ishaan is the guardian of the north-east direction. He is often identified with the deity Shiva.
Ishabel f Irish
A variant of the Scottish name Ishbel. Sometimes also thought to be related to the name Isabel.
Ishai m Hebrew
Variant of Yishai
İshak m Turkish
Turkish form of Ishaq.
Ishak m Arabic, Malay, Indonesian
Alternate transcription of Arabic إسحاق (see Ishaq), as well as the usual Malay and Indonesian form.
Isham m English (Rare)
Transferred use of the surname Isham.
Ishan m Indian, Hindi, Sinhalese, Marathi, Bengali
Derived from Sanskrit ईश् (īś) meaning "master, lord". This is an epithet of the Hindu god Shiva 1.
Ishana f Indian
Feminine form of Ishan.
Ishank m Hindi
god or piece of god
Ishaq m Arabic, Urdu
Arabic form of Isaac.
Ishara f Near Eastern Mythology
An ancient Hittite goddess associated with love and oaths. Her name possibly comes from the Hittite word for "treaty, binding promise", or may be related to the name of the goddess Ishtar.
Ishard m Germanic
The first element is derived from îs "ice", but it might also be a short form of isan (see Isanhard). The second element is derived from Gothic hardus (hart in Old High German) "brave, hardy."
Ishasha f Indian (Anglicized, Modern)
Name - Ishasha (Eeshasha) ईषाशा... [more]
Ishashis m Indian, Hinduism, Hindi, Sanskrit, Punjabi, Kannada, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu
Name - Ishashis ईशाशिस्... [more]
Ishay m & f Ladakhi
Ladakhi form of Yeshe.
Ishaya m Hebrew (Rare)
Rare transcription of Yeshayahu.
Ishbaal m Biblical
Means "son of Ba'al". The original name of Ishbosheth.
Ishbell f English
Variant of Ishbel.
Ishbosheth m Biblical Hebrew
Means "man of shame". Originally his name was Ishbaal.... [more]
Isheanesu m Shona
Means "the lord is with us" in Shona.
Ishemanzwa m Shona
It means "Lord you have heard".
Ishemunonzwa m Shona
It means "Lord you hear", another variation is Ishemanzwa.
Ishesh m Indian (Rare)
From Sanskrit ईश (īśa) meaning "husband, lord" combined with itself.
Ishey m & f Ladakhi
Ladakhi form of Yeshe.
Ishgen m & f Mongolian
Possibly derived from Mongolian ишиг (ishig) meaning "goat kid".
Ishhod m Biblical
Means "man of majesty", son of Hezron and Hammolecheth in the bible.
Ishi f Japanese
"Rock, stone" Stone connotates a dependable, nurturing character
Ishi m Yana, History
Ishi means "man" in the Yana language.
Ishi f Japanese
Name that was given during the Hēan Period, to an Empress Consort, "藤原 威子" FUJIWARANOISHI, married to "後一条天皇" GOICHIJŌ the Japanese Emperor Goichijō. The Kanji Character "威" meaning "Prestige" with the Kanji Character "子" meaning "Child"... [more]
Ishiah m Biblical
Can mean either "whom YHWH lends", "Godsend", "God exists" or "it is the lord", depending on interpretation. From the Bible, the fifth of the five sons of Izrahiah, one of the heads of the tribe of Issachar in the time of David.
Ishijirō m Japanese (Rare)
From Jirō prefixed with 石 (ishi) meaning "stone."... [more]
Ishiko f Japanese
From 石 ishi "stone" and 子 ko "child" in Japanese.
Íshildur f Icelandic (Rare)
Derived from the Old Norse elements íss "ice" (compare modern Icelandic ís) and hildr "battle". Also compare the hypothetical Germanic cognate Ishild.
Ishini f Sinhalese (Rare)
Possibly from Sanskrit ईशिनी (īśinī) meaning "supremacy".
Ishiyo f Japanese
Stone- Represents strong, durable character.
Ishizu f Japanese
Japanese form of Isis. Ishizu Ishtar is a fictional character and it is also a Japanese surname.
Ishka f Hindi
"One who has only friends, no enemies"
Ishkanouhi f Armenian (Rare)
Alternate transcription of Ishkhanuhi.
Ishkhan m Armenian
Means "prince" in Armenian.
Ishkhanuhi f Armenian (Rare)
Means "princess" in Armenian.
Ishmaela m Obscure
Variant of Ishmael.
Ishmail m Indian
Indian form of Ishmael.
Ishme-karab f Near Eastern Mythology, Elamite Mythology
This was the name of a goddess in Elamite religion. Her name is Akkadian and means "she who has heard the prayer" or "she has heard the supplication". The Elamite form of her name is said to be Išnikarap... [more]
Ishoq m Uzbek (Rare)
Uzbek form of Isaac.
Ishorat f Uzbek
Means "symbol, sign" in Uzbek.
Ishqiya f Uzbek
Derived from ishqiy meaning "romantic".
Ishraq f & m Medieval Arabic (Moorish), Arabic
Means "sunshine, illumination" in Arabic.
Ishrat f & m Urdu, Bengali
Urdu form of Eshrat as well as a Bengali variant.
Isht m Sanskrit, Hinduism, Hindi, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu, American, Assamese, Tamil, Marathi, Bengali, Punjabi, Nepali, Indian (Sikh), Sinhalese, Gujarati
MEANING - wished, desired, loved, worshipped, respected, sacrificing, lover, husband
Ishta f Sanskrit, Tamil, Hinduism, Telugu, Hindi, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Marathi, Gujarati, Nepali, Sinhalese
MEANING - desired, loved, worshipped, respected, sacrificed
Ishtar-deela m Caucasian Mythology
Possibly from the name Ishtar combined with Chechen дела (dela) meaning “god, deity”. This is the name of the Vainakh god of death and ruler of the underworld.
Ishtasapa m Sioux
Means "dark eyed" in Lakota. From the Lakota ištá 'eye' and sápa "black'.
Ishtiak m Bengali
Bengali variant of Ishtiaq.
Ishtiaq m Arabic, Urdu
Means "longing, desire, craving" in Arabic and Urdu.
Ishtiyaq m Urdu
Alternate transcription of Urdu اشتیاق (see Ishtiaq).
Ishuah m Biblical Hebrew
Name of the second son of Asher.
Ishui m Biblical Hebrew
Ishui was a son of Saul according to I Samuel 14:49.
Ishvari f Hinduism
Means "queen, mistress, goddess" in Sanskrit, the feminine form of ईश्वर (īśvará) which is both an adjective meaning "able to do, capable of" and a noun meaning "lord, king, God"... [more]
Ishwari f & m Indian, Marathi, Nepali
Variant of Ishvari.
Isi m & f Spanish
Diminutive of Isidro, Isadora, Isabel and similar names.
Isi f Greenlandic
Means "eye" in Greenlandic
Isibél f Medieval Irish
Older form of Isibéal.... [more]
Isida f Albanian
Albanian form of Isis.
Isidar m Belarusian (Rare)
Belarusian form of Isidoros (see Isidore).
Isidoor m Dutch (Rare), Flemish (Rare)
Dutch form of Isidore. Known bearers of this name include Belgian author Isidoor Teirlinck (1851-1934), Belgian athlete Isidoor Van de Wiele (1924-2010) and Belgian cyclist Isidoor De Ryck (1926-2009).
Ísidór m Icelandic
Icelandic form of Isidor.
Isidòr m Provençal
Provençal form of Isidore.
Isidorina f Italian
Feminine form of Isidoro.
Isidoru m Corsican (Archaic), Sicilian
Corsican and Sicilian form of Isidorus.
Isidre m Catalan
Catalan form of Isidore.
Isidru m Sardinian
Nuorese form of Isidore.
Isie f Scots
Scots diminutive of Isabel.
Isifile f Italian (Rare)
Italian variant of Hypsipyle.
Isigaalaq m Greenlandic
Younger form of Isigailaĸ.
Isigailaĸ m Greenlandic
Meaning unknown.
Isihije m Serbian (Rare)
Serbian form of Hesychios.
Işik m & f Turkish
Means "light" in Turkish.
Işıl f Turkish
Means "sparkling, brilliant, shining, glittering" in Turkish.
Isilda f Portuguese, Portuguese (Brazilian)
Of uncertain origin and meaning, this name is usually treated as a variant of Isolda (compare Ishild).
Isildur m Literature
Means "devoted to the moon". This name was used by J. R. R. Tolkien in his novel 'The Lord of the Rings' (1954) for the elder son of Elendil, who was briefly the second king of Gondor and Arnor.
Isilee f Literature
From Shannon Hale's novel The Goose Girl, a retelling of the Grimms' fairytale. ... [more]
Îsimaleĸ f Greenlandic
Meaning unknown.
Isin f & m Turkish
Means "(light) ray" in Turkish.
Ising f & m Filipino
Diminutive of Isabela, Isidro, and other names starting with Is-.
Isinthon m History
From the name of one of the seven hills surrounding Mount Meru, a sacred mountain in Buddhist mythology. This was the name of a son of King Taksin the Great (1734-1782).
Isioma f Nigerian
Means "good luck".
İşıq f Azerbaijani
Means "light" in Azerbaijani.
Isireli m Fijian
Fijian form of Israel. A notable bearer is Isireli Naikelekelevesi, a Fijian middle-distance runner.
Isisa f Zulu
Means "the tenderness" in Zulu.
Isita f Spanish
Diminutive of Isabel or Isidora or similar names.
Isiyaka m Hausa
Hausa form of Isaac.
Isiyaku m Hausa
Hausa form of Isaac.
Iška f Czech
Truncated form of Františka and Eliška.... [more]
Iska f East Frisian
Variant of Iske.
Iska m Aymara
Means "torch" in Aymara.
Iska f Biblical Hebrew
Iska is a feminine name of biblical origin that means "There is a strong woman" or "She has authority", but the name has many different meanings in other languages ​​and cultures.... [more]
Iskah f Biblical
See also Iscah.
Iskak m Indonesian
Indonesian variant of Ishaq.
İskändär m Tatar
Tatar form of Iskandar.
Iskändär m Bashkir
Bashkir form of Iskandar.
Iskander m Arabic
Variant transcription of Iskandar
Iske f East Frisian, West Frisian
Feminine form of Ise.
Iskender m Kyrgyz
Kyrgyz form of Alexander.
Îskenderê m Kurdish
Kurdish form of Alexander.
Iskenter m Chuvash
Chuvash form of Iskandar.
Iskhak m Tatar, Kyrgyz, Indonesian
Tatar, Kyrgyz, and Indonesian form of Ishaq (see Isaac).
Iskinder m Amharic
Amharic form of Alexander.
Iskko m Sami
Sami form of Isko 1.
Isko m Finnish
Variant of Iisakki or Isaskar.
Isko m Filipino
Shortening of Francisco.
Iskon m & f Shipibo-Conibo
From the Shipibo isko meaning "paucar bird, yellow-rumped cacique" and the genitive suffix -n.
Iskren m Bulgarian, Serbian (Rare), Croatian (Rare)
Derived from Bulgarian and Serbian искрен (iskren) "sincere, honest; true, devoted". This name is borne by Bulgarian soccer player Iskren Pisarov (b. 1985).
Iskriyana f Bulgarian
An elaboration of Iskra or a blend of Iskra with Yana.