Related Names

Family #1

Old Germanic
(element)
Ava 3   f
Germanic
(using element)
Ava 3   f
German
Aveza   f
Germanic
(using element)
Avis   f
English
Avice   f
English (Rare)
Avila   f
Germanic
(using element)
Avelina 1   f
Germanic
(diminutive)
Aveline   f
English (Rare)
Avaline   f
English (Rare)
Èibhlin   f
Scottish Gaelic
Aileen   f
Scottish
Eibhlín   f
Irish
Eileen   f
Irish
Aileen   f
Irish
Eileen   f
English
Aileen   f
English
Aline   f
English
Alene   f
English
Ilean   f
English (Rare)
Ileen   f
English (Rare)
Ilene   f
English
Evelina   f
English
Evelien   f
Dutch
Eveliina   f
Finnish
Evelin   f
Estonian
Evelin   f
German
Evelin   f
Hungarian
Evelína   f
Czech
Evelína   f
Slovak
Evelīna   f
Latvian
Ina   f
Latvian
(short form)
Ināra   f
Latvian
(elaboration)
Līna   f
Latvian
(short form)
Evelina   f
Bulgarian
Evelina   f
Greek
Evelina   f
Italian
Lina 2   f
Italian
(short form)
Evelina   f
Lithuanian
Evelina   f
Russian
Evelina   f
Swedish
Evy   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Eveline   f
Dutch
Évelyne   f
French
Eveline   f
French
Ewelina   f
Polish
Lina 2   f
English
(short form)
English
(surname)
Evelyn   f & m
English
Evaline   f
English
Evalyn   f
English
Eveleen   f
English (Rare)
Eveline   f
English
Evelyn   f
German
Evelynn   f
English (Modern)
Evie   f
English
(diminutive)
Evvie   f
English
(diminutive)

Family #2

Classical Greek
(word)
Hagne   f
Late Greek
Agnes   f
Late Greek (Latinized)
Age 2   f
Estonian
(short form)
Agnė   f
Lithuanian
Ágnes   f
Hungarian
Ági   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Agnès   f
Catalan
Agnès   f
French
Agnes   f
Danish
Agnete   f
Danish
Agnethe   f
Danish
Agnes   f
Dutch
Nes   f
Dutch (Rare)
(short form)
Neske   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Agnes   f
English
Aggie   f
English
(diminutive)
Senga   f
Scottish
Agnes   f
Estonian
Agnes   f
German
Agnes   f
Icelandic
Agnes   f
Norwegian
Agnete   f
Norwegian
Agnethe   f
Norwegian
Agnes   f
Swedish
Agneta   f
Swedish
Agnetha   f
Swedish
Agneša   f
Slovak
Agnesa   f
Albanian
Agnesa   f
Slovak
Agnese   f
Italian
Agnese   f
Latvian
Agnessa   f
Russian
Agneza   f
Croatian
Agnieszka   f
Polish
Jaga   f
Polish
(diminutive)
Jagusia   f
Polish (Rare)
(diminutive)
Jagna   f
Polish
(diminutive)
Jagienka   f
Polish
(diminutive)
Agnija   f
Latvian
Agnija   f
Macedonian
Agnija   f
Serbian
Agniya   f
Russian (Rare)
Agnia   f
Russian (Rare)
(variant transcription)
Aignéis   f
Irish
Anežka   f
Czech
Annis   f
English
Annice   f
English
English
(surname)
Anson   m
English
Nancy   f
English
(diminutive)
Nainsí   f
Irish
Nan   f
English
(short form)
Nance   f
English
(diminutive)
Nensi   f
Croatian
Aune   f
Finnish
Iines   f
Finnish
Inés   f
Spanish
Inès   f
French
Ines   f
Croatian
Ines   f
Italian
Ines   f
Slovene
Inesa   f
Lithuanian
Inese   f
Latvian
Ina   f
Latvian
(short form)
Ināra   f
Latvian
(elaboration)
Inessa   f
Russian
Inessa   f
Ukrainian
Inez   f
English
Inês   f
Portuguese
Janja   f
Croatian
Janja   f
Serbian
Janja   f
Slovene
Nest   f
Welsh
(diminutive)
Nesta   f
Welsh
(diminutive)
Neža   f
Slovene
Oanez   f
Breton
Agni 2   f
Greek

Family #3

Old Germanic
(word)
Frankish
(word)
Karl   m
Germanic
(using element)
Carl   m
German
Carl   m
English
Carla   f
English
Carlene   f
English
(elaboration)
Karlene   f
English
Carly   f
English
(diminutive)
Carley   f
English (Modern)
Carli   f
English (Modern)
Carlie   f
English
Karlee   f
English (Modern)
Karli   f
English (Modern)
Karlie   f
English (Modern)
Karly   f
English (Modern)
Carla   f
German
Carolus   m
Germanic (Latinized)
Carel   m
Dutch
Carles   m
Catalan
Carla   f
Catalan
Carlijn   f
Dutch
Carlo   m
Italian
Carla   f
Italian
Carlos   m
Portuguese
Carla   f
Portuguese
Carlinhos   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Carlito   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Carlitos   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Carlos   m
Spanish
Carla   f
Spanish
Carlito   m
Spanish (Rare)
(diminutive)
Carlitos   m
Spanish
(diminutive)
Carlu   m
Corsican
Carol 1   m
English
Carol 2   m
Romanian
Carola   f
Dutch
Carola   f
German
Carola   f
Italian
Carola   f
Swedish
Carole   f
French
Carolien   f
Dutch
Lien   f
Dutch
(short form)
Carolin   f
German
Carolina   f
English
Carrie   f
English
(diminutive)
Cari   f
English
Karrie   f
English
Carry   f
English
(diminutive)
Ina   f
English
(short form)
Lina 2   f
English
(short form)
Carolina   f
Italian
Lina 2   f
Italian
(short form)
Carolina   f
Portuguese
Lina 2   f
Portuguese
(short form)
Carolina   f
Spanish
Lina 2   f
Spanish
(short form)
Carolina   f
Swedish
Lina 2   f
Swedish
(short form)
Caroline   f
French
Caroline   f
Danish
Line   f
Danish
(short form)
Caroline   f
Dutch
Ine   f
Dutch
(short form)
Caroline   f
English
Callie   f
English
(diminutive)
Caleigh   f
English (Modern)
Cali 1   f
English (Modern)
Calleigh   f
English (Modern)
Kali 2   f
English (Modern)
Kalie   f
English (Modern)
Kallie   f
English (Modern)
Carlyn   f
English
(contraction)
Carol 1   f
English
(short form)
Carrol   f
English
Caryl   f
English
Karol 2   f
English
Carolyn   f
English
Carrie   f
English
(diminutive)
Cari   f
English
Karrie   f
English
Carry   f
English
(diminutive)
Karolyn   f
English
Caroline   f
German
Caroline   f
Norwegian
Ine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Line   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Caroline   f
Swedish
Lina 2   f
French
(short form)
Lyna   f
French (Modern)
Line   f
French
(short form)
Charles   m
French
Charlène   f
French
Charles   m
English
Charla   f
English
Sharla   f
English
Charlee   f
English (Modern)
Charleigh   f
English (Modern)
Charlene   f
English
Charleen   f
English
Charley   f
English
(diminutive)
Charli   f
English
(diminutive)
Charlie   f
English
(diminutive)
Charly   f
English
(diminutive)
Sharleen   f
English
Sharlene   f
English
Charley   m
English
(diminutive)
Charlie   m
English
(diminutive)
Charley   f
English
Charli   f
English
Charlie   f
English
Charly   f
English
Charly   m
English
(diminutive)
Chas   m
English
(diminutive)
Chaz   m
English
(diminutive)
Chip   m
English
(diminutive)
Chuck   m
English
(diminutive)
Chuckie   m
English
(diminutive)
Chucky   m
English
(diminutive)
Kale   m
Hawaiian
Charline   f
French
Charlize   f
Afrikaans
Charlot   m
French
(diminutive)
Charlotte   f
French
Carlota   f
Portuguese
Carlota   f
Spanish
Carlotta   f
Italian
Charlotte   f
Danish
Lotte   f
Danish
(short form)
Charlotte   f
Dutch
Lot 3   f
Dutch
(short form)
Lotte   f
Dutch
(short form)
Charlotte   f
English
Charley   f
English
(diminutive)
Charli   f
English
(diminutive)
Charlie   f
English
(diminutive)
Charly   f
English
(diminutive)
Lottie   f
English
(diminutive)
Tottie   f
English
(diminutive)
Totty   f
English
(diminutive)
Charlotte   f
German
Lotte   f
German
(short form)
Lotti   f
German
(diminutive)
Lotti   f
Hungarian (Modern)
Charlotte   f
Norwegian
Lotte   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Charlotte   f
Swedish
Charlotta   f
Swedish
Lotta   f
Swedish
(short form)
Lotta   f
Finnish
Lotte   f
Swedish
(short form)
Lottie   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Šarlota   f
Czech
Šarlote   f
Latvian
Sarolta   f
Hungarian
Séarlait   f
Irish
Séarlas   m
Irish
Siarl   m
Welsh
Sjarel   m
Limburgish
Kaarel   m
Estonian
Karel   m
Czech
Karla   f
Czech
Karel   m
Dutch
Carla   f
Dutch
Karel   m
Slovene
Karlijn   f
Dutch
Kārlis   m
Latvian
Karlo   m
Croatian
Karla   f
Croatian
Karlo   m
Georgian
Karlo   m
Slovene
Karol 1   m
Polish
Karola   f
Polish
Karol 1   m
Slovak
Karol 1   m
Slovene
Karola   f
German
Karola   f
Hungarian
Karoliina   f
Estonian
Liina   f
Estonian
(short form)
Karoliina   f
Finnish
Iina 1   f
Finnish
(short form)
Liina   f
Finnish
(short form)
Karolína   f
Czech
Kája   f
Czech
(diminutive)
Karolína   f
Slovak
Karolīna   f
Latvian
Karlīna   f
Latvian
(contraction)
Karolina   f
Croatian
Karolina   f
Danish
Ina   f
Danish
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Danish
(short form)
Karolina   f
German
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Lina 2   f
German
(short form)
Karolina   f
Hungarian
Lili   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Karolina   f
Lithuanian
Lina 2   f
Lithuanian
(short form)
Karolina   f
Macedonian
Karolina   f
Norwegian
Ina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Karolina   f
Polish
Karolina   f
Slovene
Ina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Inja   f
Slovene
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Slovene
(short form)
Karolina   f
Swedish
Ina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Swedish
(short form)
Karoline   f
Danish
Line   f
Danish
(short form)
Karoline   f
German
Karoline   f
Norwegian
Line   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Karolis   m
Lithuanian
Karolos   m
Greek
Károly   m
Hungarian
Karcsi   m
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Kaarle   m
Finnish
Kaarlo   m
Finnish
Karl   m
German
Karl   m
English
Karla   f
English
Karl   m
Estonian
Karl   m
Finnish
Karla   f
German
Old High German
(word)
Karl   m
Germanic
(using element)
Carl   m
German
Carl   m
English
Carla   f
English
Carlene   f
English
(elaboration)
Karlene   f
English
Carly   f
English
(diminutive)
Carley   f
English (Modern)
Carli   f
English (Modern)
Carlie   f
English
Karlee   f
English (Modern)
Karli   f
English (Modern)
Karlie   f
English (Modern)
Karly   f
English (Modern)
Carla   f
German
Carolus   m
Germanic (Latinized)
Carel   m
Dutch
Carles   m
Catalan
Carla   f
Catalan
Carlijn   f
Dutch
Carlo   m
Italian
Carla   f
Italian
Carlos   m
Portuguese
Carla   f
Portuguese
Carlinhos   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Carlito   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Carlitos   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Carlos   m
Spanish
Carla   f
Spanish
Carlito   m
Spanish (Rare)
(diminutive)
Carlitos   m
Spanish
(diminutive)
Carlu   m
Corsican
Carol 1   m
English
Carol 2   m
Romanian
Carola   f
Dutch
Carola   f
German
Carola   f
Italian
Carola   f
Swedish
Carole   f
French
Carolien   f
Dutch
Lien   f
Dutch
(short form)
Carolin   f
German
Carolina   f
English
Carrie   f
English
(diminutive)
Cari   f
English
Karrie   f
English
Carry   f
English
(diminutive)
Ina   f
English
(short form)
Lina 2   f
English
(short form)
Carolina   f
Italian
Lina 2   f
Italian
(short form)
Carolina   f
Portuguese
Lina 2   f
Portuguese
(short form)
Carolina   f
Spanish
Lina 2   f
Spanish
(short form)
Carolina   f
Swedish
Lina 2   f
Swedish
(short form)
Caroline   f
French
Caroline   f
Danish
Line   f
Danish
(short form)
Caroline   f
Dutch
Ine   f
Dutch
(short form)
Caroline   f
English
Callie   f
English
(diminutive)
Caleigh   f
English (Modern)
Cali 1   f
English (Modern)
Calleigh   f
English (Modern)
Kali 2   f
English (Modern)
Kalie   f
English (Modern)
Kallie   f
English (Modern)
Carlyn   f
English
(contraction)
Carol 1   f
English
(short form)
Carrol   f
English
Caryl   f
English
Karol 2   f
English
Carolyn   f
English
Carrie   f
English
(diminutive)
Cari   f
English
Karrie   f
English
Carry   f
English
(diminutive)
Karolyn   f
English
Caroline   f
German
Caroline   f
Norwegian
Ine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Line   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Caroline   f
Swedish
Lina 2   f
French
(short form)
Lyna   f
French (Modern)
Line   f
French
(short form)
Charles   m
French
Charlène   f
French
Charles   m
English
Charla   f
English
Sharla   f
English
Charlee   f
English (Modern)
Charleigh   f
English (Modern)
Charlene   f
English
Charleen   f
English
Charley   f
English
(diminutive)
Charli   f
English
(diminutive)
Charlie   f
English
(diminutive)
Charly   f
English
(diminutive)
Sharleen   f
English
Sharlene   f
English
Charley   m
English
(diminutive)
Charlie   m
English
(diminutive)
Charley   f
English
Charli   f
English
Charlie   f
English
Charly   f
English
Charly   m
English
(diminutive)
Chas   m
English
(diminutive)
Chaz   m
English
(diminutive)
Chip   m
English
(diminutive)
Chuck   m
English
(diminutive)
Chuckie   m
English
(diminutive)
Chucky   m
English
(diminutive)
Kale   m
Hawaiian
Charline   f
French
Charlize   f
Afrikaans
Charlot   m
French
(diminutive)
Charlotte   f
French
Carlota   f
Portuguese
Carlota   f
Spanish
Carlotta   f
Italian
Charlotte   f
Danish
Lotte   f
Danish
(short form)
Charlotte   f
Dutch
Lot 3   f
Dutch
(short form)
Lotte   f
Dutch
(short form)
Charlotte   f
English
Charley   f
English
(diminutive)
Charli   f
English
(diminutive)
Charlie   f
English
(diminutive)
Charly   f
English
(diminutive)
Lottie   f
English
(diminutive)
Tottie   f
English
(diminutive)
Totty   f
English
(diminutive)
Charlotte   f
German
Lotte   f
German
(short form)
Lotti   f
German
(diminutive)
Lotti   f
Hungarian (Modern)
Charlotte   f
Norwegian
Lotte   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Charlotte   f
Swedish
Charlotta   f
Swedish
Lotta   f
Swedish
(short form)
Lotta   f
Finnish
Lotte   f
Swedish
(short form)
Lottie   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Šarlota   f
Czech
Šarlote   f
Latvian
Sarolta   f
Hungarian
Séarlait   f
Irish
Séarlas   m
Irish
Siarl   m
Welsh
Sjarel   m
Limburgish
Kaarel   m
Estonian
Karel   m
Czech
Karla   f
Czech
Karel   m
Dutch
Carla   f
Dutch
Karel   m
Slovene
Karlijn   f
Dutch
Kārlis   m
Latvian
Karlo   m
Croatian
Karla   f
Croatian
Karlo   m
Georgian
Karlo   m
Slovene
Karol 1   m
Polish
Karola   f
Polish
Karol 1   m
Slovak
Karol 1   m
Slovene
Karola   f
German
Karola   f
Hungarian
Karoliina   f
Estonian
Liina   f
Estonian
(short form)
Karoliina   f
Finnish
Iina 1   f
Finnish
(short form)
Liina   f
Finnish
(short form)
Karolína   f
Czech
Kája   f
Czech
(diminutive)
Karolína   f
Slovak
Karolīna   f
Latvian
Karlīna   f
Latvian
(contraction)
Karolina   f
Croatian
Karolina   f
Danish
Ina   f
Danish
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Danish
(short form)
Karolina   f
German
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Lina 2   f
German
(short form)
Karolina   f
Hungarian
Lili   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Karolina   f
Lithuanian
Lina 2   f
Lithuanian
(short form)
Karolina   f
Macedonian
Karolina   f
Norwegian
Ina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Karolina   f
Polish
Karolina   f
Slovene
Ina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Inja   f
Slovene
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Slovene
(short form)
Karolina   f
Swedish
Ina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Lina 2   f
Swedish
(short form)
Karoline   f
Danish
Line   f
Danish
(short form)
Karoline   f
German
Karoline   f
Norwegian
Line   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Karolis   m
Lithuanian
Karolos   m
Greek
Károly   m
Hungarian
Karcsi   m
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Kaarle   m
Finnish
Kaarlo   m
Finnish
Karl   m
German
Karl   m
English
Karla   f
English
Karl   m
Estonian
Karl   m
Finnish
Karla   f
German
Old Norse
(word)
Karl   m
Old Norse
(using element)
Carl   m
Danish
Carl   m
Norwegian
Carl   m
Swedish
Calle   m
Swedish
(diminutive)
Karl   m
Danish
Karla   f
Danish
Karl   m
Icelandic
Karl   m
Norwegian
Karla   f
Norwegian
Karl   m
Swedish
Kalle   m
Swedish
(diminutive)
Kalle   m
Estonian
Kalle   m
Finnish
Karla   f
Swedish

Family #4

Latin
(word)
Latin
(word)
Royal   m & f
English
Royale   f & m
English (Rare)
Royalty   f
English (Modern)
Latin
(inflection)
English
(surname)
Raine   f & m
English (Rare)
Regina   f
Late Roman
Rayna 1   f
Bulgarian
Raina   f
Bulgarian
(variant transcription)
Raya   f
Bulgarian
(diminutive)
Regína   f
Czech
Regína   f
Icelandic
Regína   f
Slovak
Regīna   f
Latvian
Regina   f
Czech
Regina   f
Danish
Gina   f
Danish
(short form)
Ina   f
Danish
(short form)
Regina   f
English
Gina   f
English
(short form)
Geena   f
English (Rare)
Gena 1   f
English
Jeana   f
English
Jeanna   f
English
Ina   f
English
(short form)
Regana   f
English (Rare)
(influenced by sound)
Regena   f
English
Regina   f
Estonian
Regina   f
German
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Regina   f
Hungarian
Regina   f
Italian
Gina   f
Italian
(short form)
Regina   f
Lithuanian
Regina   f
Norwegian
Gina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Ina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Regina   f
Polish
Regina   f
Portuguese
Regina   f
Slovak
Regina   f
Spanish
Regina   f
Swedish
Gina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Ina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Régine   f
French
Regine   f
German
Regine   f
Norwegian
Reina 1   f
Spanish
Reyna   f
Spanish
Reine   f
French
Regulus   m
Ancient Roman
Régulo   m
Portuguese (Rare)
Régulo   m
Spanish
Regulus   m
Astronomy
Rex   m
English
Rexana   f
English (Rare)
(influenced by sound)
Rexanne   f
English (Rare)
(influenced by sound)
Reyes   f & m
Spanish

Family #5

Latin
(word)
Valens   m
Ancient Roman
Valente   m
Italian
Valente   m
Portuguese (Rare)
Valente   m
Spanish (Mexican)
Valentinus   m
Ancient Roman
Balendin   m
Basque
Bálint   m
Hungarian
Folant   m
Welsh (Rare)
Ualan   m
Scottish Gaelic (Rare)
Valentí   m
Catalan
Valentijn   m
Dutch
Valentim   m
Portuguese
Valentín   m
Slovak
Valentín   m
Spanish
Valentin   m
Bulgarian
Valentin   m
Croatian
Tin   m
Croatian
(short form)
Valent   m
Croatian
(short form)
Valentin   m
Czech
Valentin   m
Danish
Valentin   m
Finnish
Valentin   m
French
Valentin   m
German
Valentin   m
Romanian
Vali   m
Romanian
(diminutive)
Valentin   m
Russian
Valya   m
Russian
(diminutive)
Valentin   m
Slovene
Tine 2   m
Slovene
(diminutive)
Tinek   m
Slovene
(diminutive)
Valentin   m
Swedish
Valentina   f
Ancient Roman
Valentína   f
Slovak
Valentīna   f
Latvian
Valentina   f
Albanian
Valentina   f
Bulgarian
Valya   f
Bulgarian
(diminutive)
Valentina   f
Croatian
Valentina   f
German
Valentina   f
Greek
Valentina   f
Italian
Tina   f
Italian
(short form)
Valentina   f
Lithuanian
Valentina   f
Macedonian
Tina   f
Macedonian
(diminutive)
Valentina   f
Romanian
Valentina   f
Russian
Alevtina   f
Russian
Valya   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Valentina   f
Slovene
Ina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Inja   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tinkara   f
Slovene
(elaboration)
Valentina   f
Spanish
French
Valentýna   f
Czech
Valentyna   f
Ukrainian
Belarusian
Walentyna   f
Polish
Valentinas   m
Lithuanian
English
Val   m
English
(diminutive)
Ancient Roman
History
Valentino   m
Italian
Tino   m
Italian
(short form)
Valentīns   m
Latvian
Valentýn   m
Czech
Valentyn   m
Ukrainian
Walenty   m
Polish
Ancient Roman
(place name)
Spanish
(place name)
Valencia   f
Various

Family #6

Christos 1   m
Theology
Christ   m
Theology
Christmas   m & f
English (Rare)
(via meaning)
Late Roman
Carsten   m
Low German
Carsten   m
Danish
Chrétien   m
French (Archaic)
Christen 1   m
Danish
Christen 1   m
Norwegian
Christiaan   m
Dutch
Chris   m
Dutch
(short form)
Kris   m
Flemish
(short form)
Christian   m
Danish
Chris   m
Danish
(short form)
Kresten   m
Danish
Christian   m
English
Chris   m
English
(short form)
Kris   m
English
Christian   m
French
Christian   m
German
Chris   m
German
(short form)
Kito   m
Sorbian
(diminutive)
Christian   m
Norwegian
Christian   m
Swedish
Christer   m
Swedish
Kristers   m
Latvian
Christiana   f
Late Roman
Scottish Gaelic
Christiana   f
English
Tiana   f
English
(short form)
Tianna   f
English (Modern)
Christiane   f
French
Christiane   f
German
French
Christina   f
Danish
Christa   f
Danish
(short form)
Christel   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Ina   f
Danish
(short form)
Stina   f
Danish
(short form)
Christina   f
Dutch
Chris   f
Dutch
(short form)
Christel   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Ina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Kristel   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Stien   f
Dutch
(short form)
Tina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Tineke   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Christina   f
English
Chris   f
English
(short form)
Kris   f
English
Chrissie   f
English
(diminutive)
Chrissy   f
English
(diminutive)
Christa   f
English
(short form)
Christi   f
English
(diminutive)
Christie   f
English
(diminutive)
Christy   f
English
(diminutive)
Ina   f
English
(short form)
Kiki   f
English
(diminutive)
Kilikina   f
Hawaiian
Kristi   f
English
(diminutive)
Kristia   f
English (Rare)
(diminutive)
Kristie   f
English
(diminutive)
Kristina   f
English
Krista   f
English
(short form)
Kristy   f
English
(diminutive)
Krystina   f
English (Modern)
Tina   f
English
(short form)
Christina   f
German
Chris   f
German
(short form)
Christa   f
German
(short form)
Christel   f
German
(diminutive)
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Kiki   f
German
(diminutive)
Tina   f
German
(short form)
Christina   f
Greek
Christina   f
Norwegian
Christel   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Christin   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Ina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Stina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Christina   f
Swedish
Christel   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Christin   f
Swedish
(short form)
Ina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Stina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Christine   f
Danish
Christel   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Stine   f
Danish
(short form)
Christine   f
Dutch
Chris   f
Dutch
(short form)
Christel   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Ine   f
Dutch
(short form)
Kristel   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Stien   f
Dutch
(short form)
Christine   f
French
Christèle   f
French
(diminutive)
Christelle   f
French
(diminutive)
Christel   f
French
Christin   f
German
Christine   f
English
Chris   f
English
(short form)
Kris   f
English
Chrissie   f
English
(diminutive)
Chrissy   f
English
(diminutive)
Christi   f
English
(diminutive)
Christie   f
English
(diminutive)
Christy   f
English
(diminutive)
Kiki   f
English
(diminutive)
Kristeen   f
English (Rare)
Kristi   f
English
(diminutive)
Kristie   f
English
(diminutive)
Kristine   f
English
Kristy   f
English
(diminutive)
Krystine   f
English (Rare)
Chrystelle   f
French
(diminutive)
Christine   f
German
Chris   f
German
(short form)
Christel   f
German
(diminutive)
Kiki   f
German
(diminutive)
Kristine   f
German
Christine   f
Norwegian
Christel   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Christin   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Ine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Stine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Christine   f
Swedish
Christin   f
Swedish
(short form)
Cristiana   f
Italian
Cristiana   f
Portuguese
Cristiana   f
Romanian
Cristina   f
Catalan
Cristina   f
Italian
Tina   f
Italian
(short form)
Cristina   f
Portuguese
Cristina   f
Romanian
Cristina   f
Spanish
Cristyn   f
Welsh (Rare)
Hristina   f
Bulgarian
Kristina   f
Bulgarian
Hristina   f
Macedonian
Tina   f
Macedonian
(diminutive)
Hristina   f
Serbian
Khrystyna   f
Ukrainian
Kirsteen   f
Scottish
Kirstie   f
Scottish
(diminutive)
Kirsty   f
Scottish
(diminutive)
Ciorstaidh   f
Scottish Gaelic
Kirstin   f
Scottish
Kirstie   f
Scottish
(diminutive)
Kirsty   f
Scottish
(diminutive)
Ciorstaidh   f
Scottish Gaelic
Kistiñe   f
Basque
Kristiāna   f
Latvian
Kristiane   f
German
Kristiina   f
Estonian
Krista   f
Estonian
(short form)
Kristel   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Kristi   f
Estonian
(short form)
Tiina   f
Estonian
(short form)
Kristiina   f
Finnish
Iina 1   f
Finnish
(short form)
Kirsi   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Kirsti   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Krista   f
Finnish
(short form)
Stiina   f
Finnish
(short form)
Tiina   f
Finnish
(short form)
Kristín   f
Icelandic
Kristína   f
Slovak
Kristīna   f
Latvian
Ina   f
Latvian
(short form)
Ināra   f
Latvian
(elaboration)
Krista   f
Latvian
(short form)
Kristina   f
Albanian
Kristina   f
Croatian
Tina   f
Croatian
(short form)
Kristina   f
Czech
Kristina   f
Danish
Kirsten   f
Danish
(short form)
Kirsten   f
English
Kiersten   f
English (Modern)
Kiki   f
English
(diminutive)
Kyrsten   f
English (Rare)
Stina   f
Danish
(short form)
Tina   f
Danish
(short form)
Kristina   f
Estonian
Krista   f
Estonian
(short form)
Kristina   f
Faroese
Kristina   f
German
Krista   f
German
(short form)
Kristina   f
Lithuanian
Kristina   f
Norwegian
Kirsten   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kjersti   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kjerstin   f
Norwegian
Kristin   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kjersti   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kristin   f
English
Christen 2   f
English
Cristen   f
English (Modern)
Kristen 2   f
English
Krysten   f
English (Modern)
Kristin   f
Estonian
Kristin   f
German
Kiki   f
German
(diminutive)
Kristin   f
English
Christen 2   f
English
Cristen   f
English (Modern)
Kristen 2   f
English
Krysten   f
English (Modern)
Stina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Tina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kristina   f
Russian
Kristina   f
Serbian
Kristina   f
Slovene
Ina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Inja   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tinkara   f
Slovene
(elaboration)
Kristina   f
Swedish
Kia   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Kiia   f
Finnish
Kristin   f
Swedish
(short form)
Kerstin   f
Swedish
Kersti   f
Estonian
Kersti   f
Swedish
Kerstin   f
German
Kjerstin   f
Swedish
Stina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Tina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Kristīne   f
Latvian
Kristine   f
Danish
Kirsten   f
Danish
(short form)
Kirsten   f
English
Kiersten   f
English (Modern)
Kiki   f
English
(diminutive)
Kyrsten   f
English (Rare)
Kirstine   f
Danish
Stine   f
Danish
(short form)
Tine 1   f
Danish
(short form)
Kristine   f
Georgian
Kristine   f
Norwegian
Ine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kirsten   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kjersti   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kjerstin   f
Norwegian
Kjersti   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kristin   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kjersti   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kristin   f
English
Christen 2   f
English
Cristen   f
English (Modern)
Kristen 2   f
English
Krysten   f
English (Modern)
Kristin   f
Estonian
Kristin   f
German
Kiki   f
German
(diminutive)
Kristin   f
English
Christen 2   f
English
Cristen   f
English (Modern)
Kristen 2   f
English
Krysten   f
English (Modern)
Stine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Tine 1   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kristine   f
Swedish
Kristin   f
Swedish
(short form)
Kerstin   f
Swedish
Kersti   f
Estonian
Kersti   f
Swedish
Kerstin   f
German
Kjerstin   f
Swedish
Kristjana   f
Icelandic
Kristýna   f
Czech
Krisztina   f
Hungarian
Krystiana   f
Polish (Rare)
Krystyna   f
Polish
Krysia   f
Polish
(diminutive)
Cristián   m
Spanish
Cristian   m
Romanian
Cristi   m
Romanian
(diminutive)
Cristian   m
Spanish
Cristiano   m
Italian
Cristiano   m
Portuguese
Hristijan   m
Macedonian
Hristo   m
Macedonian
(short form)
Hristiyan   m
Bulgarian
Hristo   m
Bulgarian
(short form)
Karsten   m
Low German
Karsten   m
Danish
Karsten   m
Norwegian
Latvian
Krišs   m
Latvian
(diminutive)
Kristen 1   m
Danish
Kristen 1   m
Norwegian
Kristián   m
Czech
Kristián   m
Slovak
Kristian   m
Bulgarian
Kristian   m
Danish
Kris   m
Danish
(short form)
Kristian   m
Finnish
Risto   m
Finnish
(short form)
Kristian   m
Norwegian
Kristian   m
Swedish
Krister   m
Swedish
(diminutive)
Kristiāns   m
Latvian
Kristijan   m
Croatian
Krsto   m
Croatian
(short form)
Kristijan   m
Macedonian
Kristijan   m
Serbian
Krsto   m
Serbian
(short form)
Kristijan   m
Slovene
Tijan   m
Slovene
(short form)
Tian   m
Slovene
Lithuanian
Kristiyan   m
Bulgarian
Kristján   m
Icelandic
Kristjan   m
Estonian
Kristo   m
Estonian
(short form)
Risto   m
Estonian
(short form)
Kristjan   m
Slovene
Krisztián   m
Hungarian
Krystian   m
Polish
Krystyn   m
Polish (Rare)
Christos 1   m
Greek
Old Slavic
(word)
Krste   m
Macedonian
Krsto   m
Croatian
Krsto   m
Serbian

Family #7

Hekate   f
Greek Mythology
Aikaterine   f
Ancient Greek (Rare)
Ecaterina   f
Romanian
Catrinel   f
Romanian
(diminutive)
Ekaterina   f
Bulgarian
Katerina   f
Bulgarian
(short form)
Ekaterina   f
Macedonian
Ekaterine   f
Georgian
Eka 2   f
Georgian
(short form)
Ekaterini   f
Greek
Aikaterini   f
Greek
(variant transcription)
Keti 2   f
Greek
(diminutive)
Kaiti   f
Greek
(variant transcription)
Katerina   f
Late Roman
Caderina   f
Sardinian
Caitríona   f
Irish
Cáit   f
Irish
(short form)
Caitria   f
Irish (Rare)
Catriona   f
Irish
Katrina   f
English
Trina   f
English
(short form)
Katriona   f
Irish
Ríona   f
Irish
(short form)
Tríona   f
Irish
(short form)
Caitrìona   f
Scottish Gaelic
Catrina   f
Scottish
Catriona   f
Scottish
Katrina   f
English
Trina   f
English
(short form)
Katrina   f
Scottish
Katriona   f
Scottish
Cătălina   f
Romanian
Cătălin   m
Romanian
Catina   f
Romanian (Rare)
(contraction)
Catalina   f
Corsican
Catalina   f
Spanish
Katalina   f
Spanish (Latin American)
Lina 2   f
Spanish
(short form)
Catarina   f
Galician
Catuxa   f
Galician
(diminutive)
Catarina   f
Occitan
Catarina   f
Portuguese
Cateline   f
Medieval French
Caitlín   f
Irish
Caitlin   f
Irish
Caitlin   f
English
Caetlin   f
English (Rare)
Caitlyn   f
English (Modern)
Kaitlin   f
English (Modern)
Kaitlyn   f
English (Modern)
Kaitlynn   f
English (Modern)
Katelin   f
English (Modern)
Katelyn   f
English (Modern)
Katelynn   f
English (Modern)
Katlyn   f
English (Modern)
Cathleen   f
Irish
Cathleen   f
English
Kathleen   f
Irish
Kathleen   f
English
Kathlyn   f
English
Caterina   f
Catalan
Caterina   f
Italian
Rina 1   f
Italian
(short form)
Catharina   f
Dutch
Cato 2   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Ina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Katinka   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Nienke   f
Frisian
(diminutive)
Nine   f
Frisian
(short form)
Nynke   f
Frisian
(diminutive)
Rina 1   f
Dutch
(short form)
Rini   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Riny   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Tina   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Tineke   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Catharina   f
Swedish
Catherina   f
English (Rare)
Catherine   f
English
Cat   f
English
(diminutive)
Cate   f
English (Rare)
(diminutive)
Cathie   f
English
(diminutive)
Cathy   f
English
(diminutive)
Kate   f
English
(short form)
Kaety   f
English (Rare)
(diminutive)
Katee   f
English (Rare)
(diminutive)
Katey   f
English
(diminutive)
Katie   f
English
(diminutive)
Katy   f
English
(diminutive)
Keita 2   f
Latvian
Kit   f
English
(diminutive)
Kittie   f
English
(diminutive)
Kitty   f
English
(diminutive)
Catherine   f
French
Kateri   f
History
Catrin   f
Welsh
Cadi   f
Welsh
(diminutive)
Kadri 1   f
Estonian
Kakalina   f
Hawaiian
Katalin   f
Basque
Katalin   f
Hungarian
Kata   f
Hungarian
(short form)
Katalinka   f
Hungarian (Rare)
(diminutive)
Kati   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Katica   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Katinka   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Kató   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Kitti   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Katariina   f
Estonian
Kadi   f
Estonian
(short form)
Kaia   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Kai 2   f
Estonian
(short form)
Kaidi   f
Estonian
(short form)
Kaisa   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Kaja 1   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Kati   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Katrin   f
Estonian
(contraction)
Riin   f
Estonian
(short form)
Riina   f
Estonian
(short form)
Triin   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Triinu   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Katariina   f
Finnish
Iina 1   f
Finnish
(short form)
Kaija   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Kaisa   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Kata   f
Finnish
(short form)
Kati   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Katri   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Katriina   f
Finnish
(contraction)
Riina   f
Finnish
(short form)
Katarin   f
Breton
Katarína   f
Slovak
Katka   f
Slovak
(diminutive)
Katarina   f
Croatian
Kata   f
Croatian
(short form)
Kate   f
Croatian
(diminutive)
Katica   f
Croatian
(diminutive)
Tina   f
Croatian
(diminutive)
Katarina   f
Danish
Cathrine   f
Danish
(contraction)
Catrine   f
Danish
(contraction)
Kaja 1   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Kathrine   f
Danish
(contraction)
Katrine   f
Danish
(contraction)
Trine   f
Danish
(short form)
Katarina   f
German
Katarina   f
Norwegian
Cathrine   f
Norwegian
(contraction)
Catrine   f
Norwegian
(contraction)
Kaia   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kaya 2   f
English (Modern)
Kaja 1   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kari 1   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kathrine   f
Norwegian
(contraction)
Katrine   f
Norwegian
(contraction)
Katarina   f
Serbian
Katarina   f
Slovene
Ina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Inja   f
Slovene
(short form)
Kaja 1   f
Slovene
(diminutive)
Katica   f
Slovene
(diminutive)
Katarina   f
Sorbian
Katarina   f
Swedish
Cajsa   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Cathrine   f
Swedish
(contraction)
Catrine   f
Swedish
(contraction)
Kaja 1   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Kajsa   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Katrin   f
Swedish
(contraction)
Tina   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Katarine   f
German (Rare)
Katarzyna   f
Polish
Kasia   f
Polish
(diminutive)
Katelijn   f
Flemish
Katelijne   f
Flemish
Katell   f
Breton
Kateřina   f
Czech
Katka   f
Czech
(diminutive)
Katerina   f
Albanian
Katerina   f
Greek
Katina   f
Greek
(contraction)
Katina   f
Bulgarian
Katina   f
Macedonian
Katerina   f
Macedonian
Katharina   f
Danish
Caja   f
Danish (Rare)
(diminutive)
Ina   f
Danish
(short form)
Kaja 1   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Karen 1   f
Danish
(short form)
Karen 1   f
English
Caren   f
English
Caryn   f
English
Kalena   f
Hawaiian
Karena   f
English (Rare)
Kerena   f
English (Rare)
Karyn   f
English
Karen 1   f
German
Karen 1   f
Icelandic
Karen 1   f
Norwegian
Katharina   f
German
Cathrin   f
German
(short form)
Catrin   f
German
(short form)
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Käthe   f
German
(diminutive)
Kathrin   f
German
(short form)
Katinka   f
German
(diminutive)
Katrin   f
German
(contraction)
Katharina   f
Norwegian
Ina   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Kaia   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Kaya 2   f
English (Modern)
Kaja 1   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Katharina   f
Swedish
Ina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Kaja 1   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Karin   f
Swedish
(short form)
Carin   f
Swedish
Carine   f
French
Kaarina   f
Finnish
Karin   f
Czech
Karin   f
Danish
Karin   f
Dutch
Karin   f
Estonian
Karin   f
Finnish
Karin   f
German
Karin   f
Norwegian
Karine 2   f
Norwegian
(elaboration)
Karin   f
Slovene
Karina   f
Swedish
(elaboration)
Carina 2   f
Swedish
Karīna   f
Latvian
Ina   f
Latvian
(short form)
Ināra   f
Latvian
(elaboration)
Karina   f
Danish
Carina 2   f
Danish
Karina   f
English
Karina   f
German
Carina 2   f
German
Karina   f
Latvian
Karina   f
Norwegian
Carina 2   f
Norwegian
Karina   f
Polish
Karina   f
Russian
Karina   f
Spanish
Karyna   f
Belarusian
Karyna   f
Ukrainian
Karine 1   f
French
Katharine   f
English
Katharine   f
German
Katherina   f
English (Rare)
Katherina   f
German
Katherine   f
English
Catharine   f
English
Catherin   f
English (Rare)
Cathryn   f
English
Kat   f
English
(diminutive)
Kate   f
English
(short form)
Kaety   f
English (Rare)
(diminutive)
Katee   f
English (Rare)
(diminutive)
Katey   f
English
(diminutive)
Katie   f
English
(diminutive)
Katy   f
English
(diminutive)
Keita 2   f
Latvian
Katharyn   f
English
Katheryn   f
English
Katheryne   f
English (Rare)
Kathi   f
English
(diminutive)
Kathie   f
English
(diminutive)
Kathryn   f
English
Kathy   f
English
(diminutive)
Kay 1   f
English
(short form)
Kae   f
English (Rare)
Kaye   f
English
Kit   f
English
(diminutive)
Kittie   f
English
(diminutive)
Kitty   f
English
(diminutive)
Katrien   f
Dutch
Katrijn   f
Dutch
Trijntje   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Katrín   f
Icelandic
Katrīna   f
Latvian
Katsiaryna   f
Belarusian
Kattalin   f
Basque
Kotryna   f
Lithuanian
Katrė   f
Lithuanian
(short form)
Kateryna   f
Ukrainian
Ketevan   f
Georgian
Keti 1   f
Georgian
(short form)
Keto   f
Georgian
(diminutive)
Yekaterina   f
Russian
Ekaterina   f
Russian
(variant transcription)
Jekaterina   f
Russian
(variant transcription)
Katenka   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Katerina   f
Russian
(short form)
Katya   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Cátia   f
Portuguese
Catia   f
Italian
Katia   f
French
Katia   f
Italian
Katia   f
Russian
(variant transcription)
Katja   f
Croatian
Katja   f
Danish
Katja   f
Dutch
Katja   f
Finnish
Katja   f
German
Katja   f
Norwegian
Katja   f
Slovene
Katja   f
Swedish
Katya   f
Bulgarian
Katia   f
Bulgarian
(variant transcription)
Katya   f
Ukrainian
Katia   f
Ukrainian
(variant transcription)
Katyusha   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Katiuscia   f
Italian
Katiuska   f
Spanish (Latin American)
Hecate   f
Greek Mythology (Latinized)

Family #8

Helene   f
Greek Mythology
Helen   f
Greek Mythology (Anglicized)
Helena   f
Greek Mythology (Latinized)
Helene   f
Ancient Greek
Elene   f
Georgian
Lena   f
Georgian
(short form)
Eleni   f
Greek
Lena   f
Greek
(short form)
Helena   f
Ancient Greek (Latinized)
Alena 2   f
Belarusian
Elen   f
Czech
Elen   f
Welsh
Elēna   f
Latvian
Elena   f
Bulgarian
Elena   f
Czech
Elena   f
English
Elena   f
Estonian
Elena   f
Finnish
Elena   f
German
Elena   f
Greek
Lena   f
Greek
(short form)
Elena   f
Italian
Ilenia   f
Italian
(elaboration)
Ylenia   f
Italian
(elaboration)
Elena   f
Lithuanian
Elena   f
Macedonian
Elena   f
Romanian
Ilinca   f
Romanian
(diminutive)
Lenuța   f
Romanian
(diminutive)
Elena   f
Slovak
Elena   f
Spanish
Ylenia   f
Spanish (Modern)
(elaboration)
Elene   f
Basque
Elene   f
Sardinian
Eliina   f
Finnish
Elin   f
Danish
Eli 3   f
Danish
(short form)
Elin   f
Norwegian
Eli 3   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Elin   f
Swedish
Elli 2   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Elin   f
Welsh
Elīna   f
Latvian
Ina   f
Latvian
(short form)
Ināra   f
Latvian
(elaboration)
Līna   f
Latvian
(short form)
Elina   f
Estonian
Elina   f
Finnish
Ella 2   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Elina   f
Swedish
Ella 2   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Eline   f
Danish
Eline   f
Dutch
Eline   f
Norwegian
Ellen 1   f
English
Ella 2   f
English
(diminutive)
Elle   f
English (Modern)
(diminutive)
Ellen 1   f
Danish
Ellen 1   f
Estonian
Ellen 1   f
Finnish
Ellen 1   f
German
Ellen 1   f
Norwegian
Ellen 1   f
Swedish
Ellie   f
English
(diminutive)
Elly   f
English
(diminutive)
Nell   f
English
(diminutive)
Nelle   f
English
Nellie   f
English
(diminutive)
Nelli   f
Finnish
Nelli   f
Russian
Nelya   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Nelli   f
Ukrainian
Nelya   f
Ukrainian
(diminutive)
Nellie   f
Swedish
Nelly   f
English
(diminutive)
Nelly   f
French
Nelly   f
Swedish
Heleen   f
Dutch
Heleentje   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Helen   f
English
Eilidh   f
Scottish Gaelic
Elen   f
Armenian
Lena   f
Armenian
(short form)
Helen   f
Danish
Helen   f
Estonian
Helen   f
Norwegian
Helen   f
Swedish
Hellen   f
English
Nell   f
English
(diminutive)
Nelle   f
English
Nellie   f
English
(diminutive)
Nelli   f
Finnish
Nelli   f
Russian
Nelya   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Nelli   f
Ukrainian
Nelya   f
Ukrainian
(diminutive)
Nellie   f
Swedish
Nelly   f
English
(diminutive)
Nelly   f
French
Nelly   f
Swedish
Heléna   f
Hungarian
Ella 2   f
Hungarian
(short form)
Léna   f
Hungarian
(short form)
Helēna   f
Latvian
Liene   f
Latvian
(diminutive)
Helena   f
Catalan
Helena   f
Croatian
Ela 1   f
Croatian
(diminutive)
Helena   f
Czech
Alena 1   f
Czech
(short form)
Helenka   f
Czech
(diminutive)
Lenka   f
Czech
(diminutive)
Helena   f
Danish
Ella 2   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Elna   f
Danish
(short form)
Hella   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Helle 1   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Helle 1   f
Estonian
Helle 1   f
Norwegian
Lena   f
Danish
(short form)
Helena   f
Dutch
Lena   f
Dutch
(short form)
Helena   f
English
Lena   f
English
(short form)
Helena   f
Estonian
Heli 2   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Leena   f
Estonian
(short form)
Helena   f
Finnish
Ella 2   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Heleena   f
Finnish
Heli 2   f
Finnish
(diminutive)
Leena   f
Finnish
(short form)
Lena   f
Finnish
(short form)
Helena   f
German
Alena 1   f
German
(short form)
Ella 2   f
German
(diminutive)
Hella   f
German
(diminutive)
Lena   f
German
(short form)
Leni   f
German
(diminutive)
Helena   f
Icelandic
Helena   f
Norwegian
Ella 2   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Elna   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Lena   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Helena   f
Polish
Helenka   f
Polish
(diminutive)
Lena   f
Polish
(short form)
Helena   f
Portuguese
Lena   f
Portuguese
(short form)
Helena   f
Slovak
Alena 1   f
Slovak
(short form)
Lenka   f
Slovak
(diminutive)
Helena   f
Slovene
Alena 1   f
Slovene
(short form)
Alenka   f
Slovene
(diminutive)
Ela 1   f
Slovene
(diminutive)
Helena   f
Sorbian
Helena   f
Swedish
Ella 2   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Elna   f
Swedish
(short form)
Lena   f
Swedish
(short form)
Hélène   f
French
Elaine   f
Arthurian Cycle
Elaine   f
English
Alaina   f
English (Modern)
(influenced by sound)
Alayna   f
English (Modern)
Elaina   f
English
Laney   f
English
(diminutive)
Lainey   f
English (Modern)
Léna   f
French
(short form)
Helene   f
Danish
Hella   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Helle 1   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Helle 1   f
Estonian
Helle 1   f
Norwegian
Lene   f
Danish
(short form)
Helene   f
German
Hella   f
German
(diminutive)
Lene   f
German
(short form)
Leni   f
German
(diminutive)
Helene   f
Norwegian
Lene   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Helene   f
Swedish
Ileana   f
Romanian
Ileana   f
Italian
Ileana   f
Spanish
Léan   f
Irish
Olena   f
Ukrainian
Lena   f
Ukrainian
(short form)
Yelena   f
Russian
Alyona   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Aliona   f
Russian
(variant transcription)
Alyona   f
Ukrainian
Aliona   f
Ukrainian
(variant transcription)
Alyonka   f
Russian
(diminutive)
Elena   f
Russian
(variant transcription)
Ilona   f
Hungarian
Elona   f
Albanian
Ili   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Ilike   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Ilka   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Ilka   f
German
Ilona   f
Czech
Ilonka   f
Czech
(diminutive)
Ilona   f
Estonian
Ilona   f
Finnish
Ilona   f
German
Ilona   f
Latvian
Ilona   f
Lithuanian
Ilona   f
Polish
Ilonka   f
Hungarian
(diminutive)
Jela   f
Slovak
(short form)
Jeļena   f
Latvian
Jelena   f
Croatian
Ela 1   f
Croatian
(diminutive)
Jela   f
Croatian
(short form)
Jelica   f
Croatian
(diminutive)
Jelka   f
Croatian
(short form)
Jelena   f
Estonian
Jelena   f
Lithuanian
Jelena   f
Serbian
Ela 1   f
Serbian
(diminutive)
Jela   f
Serbian
(short form)
Jelica   f
Serbian
(diminutive)
Jelka   f
Serbian
(short form)
Jelena   f
Slovene
Ela 1   f
Slovene
(diminutive)
Jelka   f
Slovene
(diminutive)
Lena   f
Russian
(short form)

Family #9

Mars   m
Roman Mythology
Marcus   m
Ancient Roman
(via meaning)
Marcellus   m
Ancient Roman
Ceel   m
Dutch
(diminutive)
Marceau   m
French
Marcel   m
Catalan
Marcel   m
Czech
Marcel   m
Dutch
Marcel   m
French
Marcel   m
German
Marcel   m
Polish
Marcel   m
Romanian
Marcel   m
Slovak
Marceli   m
Polish
Marcell   m
Hungarian
Marcella   f
Ancient Roman
Marcela   f
Czech
Marcela   f
Polish
Marcela   f
Portuguese
Marcela   f
Romanian
Marcela   f
Slovak
Marcela   f
Spanish
Chela   f
Spanish
(diminutive)
Marcella   f
German
Marcella   f
Italian
Marcelle   f
French
French (Rare)
(diminutive)
Marsaili   f
Scottish Gaelic
Ancient Roman
Marcelin   m
French
Marcelino   m
Portuguese
Marcelino   m
Spanish
Celino   m
Spanish (Rare)
(short form)
Marcellin   m
French
Marcellina   f
Ancient Roman
Marcelina   f
Polish
Celina   f
Polish
(short form)
Marcelina   f
Portuguese
Marcelina   f
Spanish
Marceline   f
French
Céline   f
French
(short form)
Celine   f
English
Celine   f
German
Selina   f
English
Salena   f
English (Modern)
(influenced by sound)
Salina   f
English
(influenced by sound)
Marcelyn   f
English (Rare)
Marcellina   f
Italian
Marcelline   f
French
Marcellino   m
Italian
Celino   m
Italian (Rare)
(short form)
Marcello   m
Italian
Marcelo   m
Portuguese
Marcelinho   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Marcelo   m
Spanish
Markel   m
Basque
Martzel   m
Basque
Marzell   m
German (Rare)
Marcianus   m
Ancient Roman
Marciana   f
Ancient Roman
Marciana   f
Portuguese (Brazilian)
Marciane   f
Portuguese (Brazilian)
Marciana   f
Spanish
Marcjanna   f
Polish
Marciano   m
Italian (Rare)
Marciano   m
Portuguese
Marciano   m
Spanish
Markiyan   m
Ukrainian
Marcius   m
Ancient Roman
Marcia   f
Ancient Roman
Márcia   f
Portuguese
Marcia   f
English
Marci   f
English
(diminutive)
Marcie   f
English
(diminutive)
Marcy   f
English
(diminutive)
Marsha   f
English
Marcia   f
Spanish
Marzia   f
Italian
Márcio   m
Portuguese
Marcio   m
Spanish
Marzio   m
Italian
Marcus   m
Biblical Latin
Marc   m
Catalan
Marc   m
French
Marc   m
Welsh
Marcas   m
Irish
Marcas   m
Scottish Gaelic
Marco   m
Italian
Marco   m
Dutch
Marco   m
German
Marco   m
Portuguese
Marco   m
Spanish
Mercutio   m
Literature
(diminutive)
Marcos   m
Portuguese
Marquinhos   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Marcos   m
Spanish
Marcus   m
Danish
Marcus   m
English
Marcus   m
Norwegian
Marcus   m
Swedish
Marek   m
Czech
Marek   m
Polish
Marek   m
Estonian
Mareks   m
Latvian
Marek   m
Slovak
Margh   m
Cornish
Margus   m
Estonian
Márk   m
Hungarian
Mark   m
Biblical
Mark   m
Danish
Mark   m
Dutch
Mark   m
English
Maleko   m
Hawaiian
Mark   m
Russian
Markas   m
Lithuanian
Markku   m
Finnish
Marko   m
Basque
Marko   m
Estonian
Marko   m
Finnish
Marko   m
Slovene
Marks   m
Latvian
Markus   m
Danish
Markus   m
Estonian
Markus   m
Finnish
Markus   m
German
Markus   m
Norwegian
Markus   m
Swedish
Markuss   m
Latvian
Markos   m
Ancient Roman (Hellenized)
Markos   m
Biblical Greek
Mark   m
Armenian
Mark   m
Belarusian
Marko   m
Bulgarian
Marko   m
Croatian
Marko   m
Macedonian
Marko   m
Serbian
Marko   m
Ukrainian
Markos   m
Greek
Marius   m
Ancient Roman
Marianus   m
Ancient Roman
Marián   m
Czech
Marián   m
Hungarian (Rare)
Marián   m
Slovak
Marian 2   m
Czech
Marian 2   m
Polish
Marian 2   m
Romanian
Mariana   f
Ancient Roman
Mariana   f
Bulgarian
Mariana   f
Czech
Mariana   f
Portuguese
Mariana   f
Romanian
Mariana   f
Spanish
Marianita   f
Spanish
(diminutive)
Marianna   f
Hungarian
Marianna   f
Polish
Marzanna 1   f
Polish
Marianna   f
Slovak
Marijana   f
Croatian
Marijana   f
Macedonian
Marijana   f
Serbian
Marijana   f
Slovene
Marijona   f
Lithuanian
Mariyana   f
Bulgarian
Marjana   f
Albanian
Marjana   f
Croatian
Marjana   f
Slovene
Mariano   m
Italian
Mariano   m
Portuguese
Mariano   m
Spanish
Marijan   m
Croatian
Marijan   m
Slovene
Mariyan   m
Bulgarian
Marjan 2   m
Croatian
Marjan 2   m
Macedonian
Marjan 2   m
Serbian
Marjan 2   m
Slovene
Welsh
(place name)
Meirion   m
Welsh
Meiriona   f
Welsh
Marijo   m
Croatian
Marijus   m
Lithuanian
Marinus   m
Ancient Roman
Marijn   m
Dutch
Marin   m
Bulgarian
Marin   m
Croatian
Marinko   m
Croatian
(diminutive)
Marin   m
French
Marin   m
Romanian
Marin   m
Serbian
Marinko   m
Serbian
(diminutive)
Marina   f
Ancient Roman
Marijn   f
Dutch
Marína   f
Slovak
Mariña   f
Galician
Marina   f
Bulgarian
Marina   f
Catalan
Marina   f
Croatian
Marinka   f
Croatian
(diminutive)
Marina   f
Czech
Marina   f
Danish
Maren   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Maren   f
Norwegian
Marna   f
Danish
(short form)
Marina   f
Dutch
Rina 1   f
Dutch
(short form)
Rini   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Riny   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Marina   f
English
Marnie   f
English
(diminutive)
Marni   f
English
Marina   f
Estonian
Marina   f
Finnish
Marina   f
Georgian
Marika   f
Georgian
(diminutive)
Marina   f
German
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Marina   f
Greek
Marina   f
Italian
Marinella   f
Italian
(diminutive)
Marinela   f
Croatian
Marinela   f
Romanian
Rina 1   f
Italian
(short form)
Marina   f
Latvian
Marina   f
Lithuanian
Marina   f
Macedonian
Marina   f
Norwegian
Marina   f
Portuguese
Marina   f
Romanian
Marina   f
Russian
Marina   f
Serbian
Marina   f
Slovene
Marinka   f
Slovene
(diminutive)
Marina   f
Spanish
Marina   f
Swedish
Marine   f
Armenian
Marine   f
French
Marinette   f
French
(diminutive)
Marine   f
Georgian
Maryna   f
Belarusian
Maryna   f
Polish
Maryna   f
Ukrainian
Marino   m
Italian
Marino   m
Spanish
Marinos   m
Greek
Marinus   m
Dutch
Rien 2   m
Dutch
(short form)
Rini   m
Dutch
(diminutive)
Rinus   m
Dutch
(short form)
Riny   m
Dutch
(diminutive)
Mário   m
Portuguese
Marinho   m
Portuguese
(diminutive)
Mario   m
Italian
Mario   m
Croatian
Mario   m
German
Mario   m
Spanish
Marios   m
Greek
Màriu   m
Sardinian
Marius   m
Danish
Marius   m
Dutch
Marius   m
French
Marius   m
German
Marius   m
Lithuanian
Marius   m
Norwegian
Marius   m
Romanian
Mariusz   m
Polish
Marte 2   m
Spanish
Marte 2   m
Italian
Marte 2   m
Portuguese
Martialis   m
Ancient Roman
(via meaning)
Marcial   m
Spanish
Martial   m
French
Martial   m
History
Martinus   m
Ancient Roman
(via meaning)
Maarten   m
Dutch
Máirtín   m
Irish
Marcin   m
Polish
Mårten   m
Swedish
Marten   m
Dutch
Mart   m
Dutch
(short form)
Martí   m
Catalan
Martijn   m
Dutch
Tijn   m
Dutch
(short form)
Martim   m
Portuguese
Martín   m
Spanish
Martîn   m
Norman
Martin   m
Bulgarian
Martin   m
Croatian
Tin   m
Croatian
(short form)
Martin   m
Czech
Martin   m
Danish
Martin   m
English
Martie   m
English
(diminutive)
Marty   m
English
(diminutive)
Martin   m
Estonian
Mart   m
Estonian
(short form)
Martin   m
Finnish
Martin   m
French
Martin   m
German
Martin   m
Hungarian
Martin   m
Macedonian
Martin   m
Norwegian
Martin   m
Romanian
Martin   m
Russian
Martin   m
Serbian
Martin   m
Slovak
Martin   m
Slovene
Tine 2   m
Slovene
(diminutive)
Tinek   m
Slovene
(diminutive)
Martin   m
Swedish
Martina   f
Ancient Roman
Martina   f
Bulgarian
Martina   f
Catalan
Martina   f
Croatian
Tina   f
Croatian
(short form)
Martina   f
Czech
Martina   f
Dutch
Ina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Maartje   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Tina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Tineke   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Martina   f
English
Ina   f
English
(short form)
Martie   f
English
(diminutive)
Tina   f
English
(short form)
Martina   f
German
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Tina   f
German
(short form)
Martina   f
Hungarian
Martina   f
Italian
Tina   f
Italian
(short form)
Martina   f
Slovak
Martina   f
Slovene
Ina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Inja   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tinkara   f
Slovene
(elaboration)
Martina   f
Spanish
Martina   f
Swedish
Ina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Martine   f
Dutch
Ine   f
Dutch
(short form)
Martine   f
French
Martine   f
Norwegian
Ine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Martinha   f
Portuguese
Martyna   f
Polish
Martinho   m
Portuguese
Martiño   m
Galician
Martino   m
Italian
Tino   m
Italian
(short form)
Mārtiņš   m
Latvian
Mārcis   m
Latvian
(short form)
Martins   m
Latvian
Martinus   m
Dutch
Márton   m
Hungarian
Martti   m
Finnish
Martyn   m
Manx
Martyn   m
Ukrainian
Martyn   m
Welsh
Martynas   m
Lithuanian
Mattin   m
Basque
Matxin   m
Basque
(diminutive)
Merten   m
German (Rare)
Morten   m
Danish
Morten   m
Norwegian

Family #10

Mars   m
Roman Mythology
Martinus   m
Ancient Roman
(via meaning)
Maarten   m
Dutch
Máirtín   m
Irish
Marcin   m
Polish
Mårten   m
Swedish
Marten   m
Dutch
Mart   m
Dutch
(short form)
Martí   m
Catalan
Martijn   m
Dutch
Tijn   m
Dutch
(short form)
Martim   m
Portuguese
Martín   m
Spanish
Martîn   m
Norman
Martin   m
Bulgarian
Martin   m
Croatian
Tin   m
Croatian
(short form)
Martin   m
Czech
Martin   m
Danish
Martin   m
English
Martie   m
English
(diminutive)
Marty   m
English
(diminutive)
Martin   m
Estonian
Mart   m
Estonian
(short form)
Martin   m
Finnish
Martin   m
French
Martin   m
German
Martin   m
Hungarian
Martin   m
Macedonian
Martin   m
Norwegian
Martin   m
Romanian
Martin   m
Russian
Martin   m
Serbian
Martin   m
Slovak
Martin   m
Slovene
Tine 2   m
Slovene
(diminutive)
Tinek   m
Slovene
(diminutive)
Martin   m
Swedish
Martina   f
Ancient Roman
Martina   f
Bulgarian
Martina   f
Catalan
Martina   f
Croatian
Tina   f
Croatian
(short form)
Martina   f
Czech
Martina   f
Dutch
Ina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Maartje   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Tina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Tineke   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Martina   f
English
Ina   f
English
(short form)
Martie   f
English
(diminutive)
Tina   f
English
(short form)
Martina   f
German
Ina   f
German
(short form)
Tina   f
German
(short form)
Martina   f
Hungarian
Martina   f
Italian
Tina   f
Italian
(short form)
Martina   f
Slovak
Martina   f
Slovene
Ina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Inja   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tina   f
Slovene
(short form)
Tinkara   f
Slovene
(elaboration)
Martina   f
Spanish
Martina   f
Swedish
Ina   f
Swedish
(short form)
Martine   f
Dutch
Ine   f
Dutch
(short form)
Martine   f
French
Martine   f
Norwegian
Ine   f
Norwegian
(short form)
Martinha   f
Portuguese
Martyna   f
Polish
Martinho   m
Portuguese
Martiño   m
Galician
Martino   m
Italian
Tino   m
Italian
(short form)
Mārtiņš   m
Latvian
Mārcis   m
Latvian
(short form)
Martins   m
Latvian
Martinus   m
Dutch
Márton   m
Hungarian
Martti   m
Finnish
Martyn   m
Manx
Martyn   m
Ukrainian
Martyn   m
Welsh
Martynas   m
Lithuanian
Mattin   m
Basque
Matxin   m
Basque
(diminutive)
Merten   m
German (Rare)
Morten   m
Danish
Morten   m
Norwegian

Family #11

(word)
+
(word)
Haimarīks   m
Old Germanic
(using element)
Heimirich   m
Germanic
(using element)
Aimeric   m
Germanic
Aimery   m
Medieval French
Aymeri   m
Medieval French
Aymeric   m
French
Emmerich   m
Germanic
Américo   m
Portuguese
América   f
Portuguese (Rare)
Américo   m
Spanish
América   f
Spanish
Amerigo   m
Italian
Late Roman
(place name)
English
(place name)
America   f
English
Émeric   m
French
Emery   m & f
English
Amery   m & f
English (Rare)
Emerie   f
English (Modern)
English
(surname)
Emerson   m & f
English
Emersyn   f
English
Emmerson   m & f
English (Rare)
Emory   m & f
English
Emmerich   m
German
Emrik   m
Norwegian
Emrik   m
Swedish
Imre   m
Hungarian
Imrich   m
Slovak
Imriška   f
Slovak
Heinrich   m
Germanic
Arrigo   m
Italian
Endika   m
Basque
Enric   m
Catalan
Enrico   m
Italian
Enrica   f
Italian
Enrichetta   f
Italian
(diminutive)
Rico   m
Italian
(short form)
Enrique   m
Spanish
Enriqueta   f
Spanish
Kike   m
Spanish
(diminutive)
Kiko   m
Spanish
(diminutive)
Quique   m
Spanish
(diminutive)
Genrikh   m
Russian
Heiki   m
Estonian
Heikki   m
Finnish
Heinrich   m
German
Heiner   m
German
(diminutive)
Heinrike   f
German (Rare)
Heinz   m
German
(diminutive)
Enzo   m
Italian
Enzo   m
French
Hynek   m
Czech
(diminutive)
Indriķis   m
Latvian
Ints   m
Latvian
(contraction)
Inta   f
Latvian
Hendrick   m
Dutch (Archaic)
Hendrik   m
Dutch
Heiko   m
Frisian
(diminutive)
Hein 1   m
Dutch
(short form)
Heintje   m
Dutch
(diminutive)
Hendrik   m
German
Hendrika   f
Dutch
Drika   f
Dutch
(short form)
Heintje   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Henny   f
Dutch
(diminutive)
Rika   f
Dutch
(short form)
Hendrikje   f
Dutch
Hendrina   f
Dutch
Ina   f
Dutch
(short form)
Dutch
(surname)
Hendrix   m
English (Modern)
Henk   m
Dutch
(short form)
Hennie   m
Dutch
(diminutive)
Hennie   f
Dutch
Henny   m
Dutch
(diminutive)
Rik   m
Dutch
(short form)
Hendrik   m
Estonian
Ain   m
Estonian
(short form)
Estonian
(place name)
Endel   m
Estonian
Endla   f
Estonian
Enn   m
Estonian
(short form)
Henri   m
French
Anraí   m
Irish
Anri   m
Georgian
Eanraig   m
Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic
(surname)
Scottish
(surname)
Kendrick   m
English
Kendra   f
English
Kenrick   m
English (Rare)
Einrí   m
Irish
Harry   m
English
Hal   m
English
(diminutive)
Harri   m
Estonian
Harri   m
Finnish
Harri   m
Welsh
English
(surname)
Harris   m
English
English
(surname)
Harrison   m
English
Harry   m
English
(diminutive)
Welsh
(surname)
Parry   m
English (Rare)
Henri   m
Finnish
Henriette   f
French
Harriet   f
English
Hallie   f
English
(diminutive)
Harrietta   f
English (Rare)
Hattie   f
English
(diminutive)
Hatty   f
English
(diminutive)
Harriett   f
English
Harriette   f
English
Henriett   f
Hungarian
Henrietta   f
English
Etta   f
English
(short form)
Ettie   f
English
(diminutive)
Hettie   f
English
(diminutive)
Henrietta   f
Finnish
Henrietta   f
Hungarian
Henrietta   f
Swedish
Henny   f
Swedish
(diminutive)
Henriëtte   f
Dutch
Jet   f
Dutch
(short form)
Jetta   f
Dutch
(short form)
Henriette   f
Danish
Henny   f
Danish
(diminutive)
Jette   f
Danish
(short form)
Henriette   f
Dutch
Jet   f
Dutch
(short form)
Jetta   f
Dutch
(short form)
Henriette   f
German
Henriette   f
Norwegian
Henny   f
Norwegian
(diminutive)
Henry   m
English
Hank   m
English
(diminutive)
Harry   m
English
(diminutive)
Hal   m
English
(diminutive)
Harri   m
Estonian
Harri   m
Finnish
Harri   m
Welsh
English
(surname)
Harris   m
English
English
(surname)
Harrison   m
English
Harry   m
English
(diminutive)
Welsh
(surname)
Parry   m
English (Rare)
Hendry   m
Scots
English
(surname)
Henderson   m
English
Herry   m
Medieval English
Welsh
(surname)
Perry   m
English
Henrich   m
Slovak
Henricus   m
Germanic (Latinized)
Hendricus   m
Dutch
Hendrikus   m
Dutch
Henricus   m
Dutch
Henrik   m
Armenian
Henrik   m
Croatian
Henrik   m
Danish
Henrik   m
Hungarian
Henrik   m
Low German
Heike   m
Low German
(diminutive)
Heike   m
German
Heiko   m
Low German
(diminutive)
Heiko   m
German
Henrik   m
German
Henning   m
German
(diminutive)
Henning   m
Danish
Henning   m
Norwegian
Henning   m
Swedish
Henrike   f
German
Heike   f
Low German
(diminutive)
Heike   f
German
Rike   f
German
(short form)
Henrik   m
Norwegian
Henrik   m
Slovene
Henrik   m
Swedish
Henrika   f
Swedish (Rare)
Ene   f
Estonian
(diminutive)
Rika   f
Swedish
(short form)
Henrikas   m
Lithuanian
Henrika   f
Lithuanian
Herkus   m
Lithuanian
(diminutive)
Henrikki   m
Finnish
Henriikka   f
Finnish
Henna   f
Finnish
(short form)
Riikka   f
Finnish
(short form)
Riika   f
Finnish
Henrique   m
Portuguese
Henryk   m
Polish
Henryka   f
Polish
Hinnerk   m
Low German
Hinrich   m
Low German
Hinrik   m
Icelandic
Indrek   m
Estonian
Jindřich   m
Czech
Jindra   m
Czech
(diminutive)
Czech
Jindra   f
Czech
(diminutive)
Key
  indicates that this relationship is uncertain