It can also be spelled Taletha. My great-great grandmother was the daughter of a Prussian minister and he named her Taletha after the line in the Bible where it means 'little girl' in Aramaic. She pronounced it Tah-LEE-tha. Not sure if the spelling variation is a German language thing or just how it was spelled in his copy of the Bible.
Its closest English name equivalent would be MISSY (for the "little girl" meaning).For names meaning "girl" or "boy," SONNY would be another English example of such a name.