The character Melchior Gabor from the German play "Spring Awakening" has this name. He is a protagonist, and is German, which makes me think that this name has probably been in use to some degree in Germany in the past.
A famous (sort of) bearer of this name is the character of Melchior Gabor from the play/musical, Spring Awakening. Originally written by Frank Wedekind, but has more recently been adapted into a musical by Duncan Sheik and Steven Sater.