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ArchivesSome errors I've found
Erika is a firstname that exists in several languages from all around the world and all these do not come from the latin "erica": the German/Dutch version is a two-words from "ehre" meaning honnor/worth (Indo European root 'her-' linked to "be risen above") and "riga" meaning queen. In Japanese, the syllab "ka" is linked to the red color of fire but so far, I've not been able to have a proper translation of the entire name. It also exist in some African languages.
Ptah (pth) means "to create", as Osiris (wsr), from ousire, means "strong,powerful,wealthy".
Ramses does not translate into "son of Ra", since it then would be 'Saenra': it simply is "born of Ra"; Tutankhamon means "living image of Amon".
Menes comes, most likely, out of 'men', "firm, established, enduring". (A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Faulkner. Usable even by non-egyptologists. Well, that is to say if you can read hieroglyphics)
Amon does mean "the hidden": he was originally the sun traveling underground during the 12 hours of the night (Khepri at dwan or dusk point, Horus when rising or setting, Ra in its full).
Ra means either "sun", "mouth" or "word", and probably all of these at the same time. The Judeo Christian concept of creator verb comes from Egypt.
If Anubis (Inepu) is close to inepu "royal hair" it is also close to inep "decay". Since he's a death god favored by the embalmers, it is most likely the second. Thutmose is no name of any god but well the one of four pharaoh's
Caesar, according to my Latin teacher, was named like this because he has been the first cas where both child and mother survived a caesarien, meaning "a cut".
Juno is most likely a contracted form of juveno "young".
But names as Mars (formerly an agriculture god), Jupiter and Juno did come from an Etruscan background - I would check it. If I remember correctly, Ove did come from the name of an Etruscan god.
Saturn is linked to the root 'satur/er-', "to saw".
Vulcan is indeed linked to fulgere or simply to fulgur "lightning".
I'll check in my Akkadian-Sumerian notes, but I suspect that Cybele is a title originally given to Ishtar, since 'baalat' means "lady" or "queen". It must be somewhere in my attick.
Ptah (pth) means "to create", as Osiris (wsr), from ousire, means "strong,powerful,wealthy".
Ramses does not translate into "son of Ra", since it then would be 'Saenra': it simply is "born of Ra"; Tutankhamon means "living image of Amon".
Menes comes, most likely, out of 'men', "firm, established, enduring". (A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Faulkner. Usable even by non-egyptologists. Well, that is to say if you can read hieroglyphics)
Amon does mean "the hidden": he was originally the sun traveling underground during the 12 hours of the night (Khepri at dwan or dusk point, Horus when rising or setting, Ra in its full).
Ra means either "sun", "mouth" or "word", and probably all of these at the same time. The Judeo Christian concept of creator verb comes from Egypt.
If Anubis (Inepu) is close to inepu "royal hair" it is also close to inep "decay". Since he's a death god favored by the embalmers, it is most likely the second. Thutmose is no name of any god but well the one of four pharaoh's
Caesar, according to my Latin teacher, was named like this because he has been the first cas where both child and mother survived a caesarien, meaning "a cut".
Juno is most likely a contracted form of juveno "young".
But names as Mars (formerly an agriculture god), Jupiter and Juno did come from an Etruscan background - I would check it. If I remember correctly, Ove did come from the name of an Etruscan god.
Saturn is linked to the root 'satur/er-', "to saw".
Vulcan is indeed linked to fulgere or simply to fulgur "lightning".
I'll check in my Akkadian-Sumerian notes, but I suspect that Cybele is a title originally given to Ishtar, since 'baalat' means "lady" or "queen". It must be somewhere in my attick.
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One more comment
The name Erika has got nothing to do with the Old German words "era" (honour) and "regin" ("counsel", "advise" - NOT "queen" by the way!!!)
It is the female version of Erik even in Germany and the Netherlands. Erik is the modern form of the Old Norse names
Aina-rikiaR (lonely + ruler)
and
Aiwa-rikiaR (for ever + ruler)
Erika got mixed up with Erica (Greek: eirike, Latin: erice) which means "heather".
Regards, Satu
The name Erika has got nothing to do with the Old German words "era" (honour) and "regin" ("counsel", "advise" - NOT "queen" by the way!!!)
It is the female version of Erik even in Germany and the Netherlands. Erik is the modern form of the Old Norse names
Aina-rikiaR (lonely + ruler)
and
Aiwa-rikiaR (for ever + ruler)
Erika got mixed up with Erica (Greek: eirike, Latin: erice) which means "heather".
Regards, Satu
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I must disagree with you: the root rig/rik/reg is well known. It gave rex in Latin, rig/rix in Gaulish Celt. It is also linked with right, rule, ride, roue (wheel in French), ruta, red (rood in Dutch, rouge in French, raja in Sanskrit etc.), rite... By definition, a king IS an advisor more than an allmighty ruler, a meaning the word acquired in Western Europe, much later. The word 'regin' is a derivative from the fonction.
As far as the Norse origin is concerned, once again I disagree: the names Erik(a) were in use among Germans long before contact with the Norse.
'erice", the Latin word, means 'arborescent heather', a plant quite different from the one most people think about (I have one in my garden and it grows 1m50 tall). It might be linked to 'erigere', to build, to erect, to give courage, or even to 'ericius', hedgehog, chevaux-de-frise. All of them, by the way, connected to the notion of erecting. This notion is to be found in words as varied as hero, erection, ehre etc. in which you are elected or distinguished because you STAND OUT, whether it is dued to inheritance, honnor or valor...
As far as the Norse origin is concerned, once again I disagree: the names Erik(a) were in use among Germans long before contact with the Norse.
'erice", the Latin word, means 'arborescent heather', a plant quite different from the one most people think about (I have one in my garden and it grows 1m50 tall). It might be linked to 'erigere', to build, to erect, to give courage, or even to 'ericius', hedgehog, chevaux-de-frise. All of them, by the way, connected to the notion of erecting. This notion is to be found in words as varied as hero, erection, ehre etc. in which you are elected or distinguished because you STAND OUT, whether it is dued to inheritance, honnor or valor...
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The Norse version of the name is Eiri:kr, which indeed has the elements ei "ever" from earlier aiwa- and ri:kr "ruler". ei might also be a contraction of aina- "alone, one". The Anglo Saxon version of the name is A:nri:c.
The root ri:k-, was originally a germanic borrowing from celtic ri:g- i.e. Vercingeto-ri:x (ri:g-s), which in turn was from proto-indoeuropean root re:g- whence Latin re:x (< re:g-s), and Sanskrit ra:j-. The "k" in ri:k-, was a result of the 1st Germanic Sound Shift.
It seems Erica is a feminisation of Eiri:kr, by adding the feminine weak declension marker -a to become Eiri:ka. As for the German, I'm sure it was a later borrowing from the Scandinavian languages. Although it is possible that in Germany, the elemant E:r- (< Air- meaning honour) was used, as in Erwin, Erhart.
The words for red, dutch rood are from a different root, germanic reud-/raud- which is from indoeuropean reudh-os/-ros whence latin ru:ber. French rouge is from Old French roge, from adjectival latin formation ru:beus.
The word ride comes from germanic ri:dan- and is not related to re:g-.
French roue is from latin ruta. Though I don't know what it's entymology is.
I don't know where ragina- ultimately comes from. In the germanic languages it has the following meanings:
Gothic ragin "opinion, law, decree, task"
Old Iceland regin "the gods", ragna-rok "fate of the gods"
Old English regn- "very" in compunds.
The word e:rigere is a contraction of ex-rig-ere, -rig- is weakened from reg-, which may (or may not!) be an ablaut form of re:g-. The word e:re:ctus is the past participle of e:rigere, whence the formation e:re:ctio:
The plant name eirike: is a latin borrowing from greek.
The root ri:k-, was originally a germanic borrowing from celtic ri:g- i.e. Vercingeto-ri:x (ri:g-s), which in turn was from proto-indoeuropean root re:g- whence Latin re:x (< re:g-s), and Sanskrit ra:j-. The "k" in ri:k-, was a result of the 1st Germanic Sound Shift.
It seems Erica is a feminisation of Eiri:kr, by adding the feminine weak declension marker -a to become Eiri:ka. As for the German, I'm sure it was a later borrowing from the Scandinavian languages. Although it is possible that in Germany, the elemant E:r- (< Air- meaning honour) was used, as in Erwin, Erhart.
The words for red, dutch rood are from a different root, germanic reud-/raud- which is from indoeuropean reudh-os/-ros whence latin ru:ber. French rouge is from Old French roge, from adjectival latin formation ru:beus.
The word ride comes from germanic ri:dan- and is not related to re:g-.
French roue is from latin ruta. Though I don't know what it's entymology is.
I don't know where ragina- ultimately comes from. In the germanic languages it has the following meanings:
Gothic ragin "opinion, law, decree, task"
Old Iceland regin "the gods", ragna-rok "fate of the gods"
Old English regn- "very" in compunds.
The word e:rigere is a contraction of ex-rig-ere, -rig- is weakened from reg-, which may (or may not!) be an ablaut form of re:g-. The word e:re:ctus is the past participle of e:rigere, whence the formation e:re:ctio:
The plant name eirike: is a latin borrowing from greek.
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Few Comments
Cybele: The goddess Kybele in Greek, is derived from "from Kybelon". Kybelon is a mountain in Phrygia, from where Kybele hailed (Lidell-Scott)
Caesar: this was originally a proper name (Julius Caesar) which eventually became synonymous to Emperor and it gave birth to expressions such as Kaiser and Czar. Julius Caesar was delivered by cutting through the walls of his mom's abdomen. The Caesarian section was named thus, not the other way around! According to www.perseus.org, Caesar is derived from caesius/caeruleus meaning "color of skin".
Cybele: The goddess Kybele in Greek, is derived from "from Kybelon". Kybelon is a mountain in Phrygia, from where Kybele hailed (Lidell-Scott)
Caesar: this was originally a proper name (Julius Caesar) which eventually became synonymous to Emperor and it gave birth to expressions such as Kaiser and Czar. Julius Caesar was delivered by cutting through the walls of his mom's abdomen. The Caesarian section was named thus, not the other way around! According to www.perseus.org, Caesar is derived from caesius/caeruleus meaning "color of skin".
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1) What Lidell-Scott mentions is a late Phrygian myth (king of Lydia, abandonned daughter on mount Kybelon, fed by wild animals etc. reported by Diadoros ).
However, the "lady of the beasts", seated on a throne with two lions, is much older: a small statue has been found in Çatal-Huyuk, 6000BC. In Anatolia, she was called KUBABA/GUBABA/KUPAPA, though later around 2000BC, and the Ishtar-Dummuzi myth is so close to the Cybele-Attis that coincidence is doubtful. Ishtar (translation of Inana, "lady of heaven") too was sometimes represented standing on a lion. These female divinities (Kubaba, Innana, Ishtar, Astarte, Ashtarot etc.) were all related to fertility, stars and sometimes to war. So you have either a Cybele-Ishtar connection through Phoenicians dealers, with a [unknown]-baalat deformed by the Greeks, or you have a Kubaba-Phrygian connection. Where do you think the name "Kybelon" from the mountain came from?! These avatars of a fertily goddess were worshipped on moutain tops and hills!
2) Caesar did give the name Caesarian, but his name itself was the result of the surgery: caesor, in Latin, means "the ones who cuts", caesura "cut", caesio "cutting, wound" and caesim "by cutting", all of them coming from caedo "to cut, hew, kill, wound, slay, cut off, cut open"...
Caesius means "greenish-blue" (like glaukos in Greek), caeruleus is "sky-blue" (I suppose this is what you meant and not "color of skin". It gave "céruléen" in French) or "sea-blue", but you're either the first or the second since they're are two distinct colors. I'm surprised they did not even mentioned caesaries "long hair". I suppose it's because Caesar's late baldness ;-)
I was not "the other way arounding", I know my Latin.
However, the "lady of the beasts", seated on a throne with two lions, is much older: a small statue has been found in Çatal-Huyuk, 6000BC. In Anatolia, she was called KUBABA/GUBABA/KUPAPA, though later around 2000BC, and the Ishtar-Dummuzi myth is so close to the Cybele-Attis that coincidence is doubtful. Ishtar (translation of Inana, "lady of heaven") too was sometimes represented standing on a lion. These female divinities (Kubaba, Innana, Ishtar, Astarte, Ashtarot etc.) were all related to fertility, stars and sometimes to war. So you have either a Cybele-Ishtar connection through Phoenicians dealers, with a [unknown]-baalat deformed by the Greeks, or you have a Kubaba-Phrygian connection. Where do you think the name "Kybelon" from the mountain came from?! These avatars of a fertily goddess were worshipped on moutain tops and hills!
2) Caesar did give the name Caesarian, but his name itself was the result of the surgery: caesor, in Latin, means "the ones who cuts", caesura "cut", caesio "cutting, wound" and caesim "by cutting", all of them coming from caedo "to cut, hew, kill, wound, slay, cut off, cut open"...
Caesius means "greenish-blue" (like glaukos in Greek), caeruleus is "sky-blue" (I suppose this is what you meant and not "color of skin". It gave "céruléen" in French) or "sea-blue", but you're either the first or the second since they're are two distinct colors. I'm surprised they did not even mentioned caesaries "long hair". I suppose it's because Caesar's late baldness ;-)
I was not "the other way arounding", I know my Latin.
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Glad to hear that you know your Latin anyways. It isn't certain that Julius Caesar was delivered by Cesarean section. Check out:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/cesarean/cesarean_2.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/cesarean/cesarean_2.html
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